%0 Journal Article
%T Citrus aurantium flavonoids inhibit adipogenesis through the Akt signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells
%A Gon-Sup Kim
%A Hyoung Joon Park
%A Jong-Hwa Woo
%A Mi-Kyeong Kim
%A Phil-Ok Koh
%A Wongi Min
%A Yeoung-Gyu Ko
%A Chung-Hei Kim
%A Chung-Kil Won
%A Jae-Hyeon Cho
%J BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
%D 2012
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1472-6882-12-31
%X During adipocyte differentiation, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 0, 10, and 50 ¦Ìg/ml CAF, and then the mRNA and protein expression of adipogenesis-related genes was assayed. We examined the effect of CAF on level of phosphorylated Akt in 3T3-L1 cells treated with CAF at various concentrations during adipocyte differentiation.The insulin-induced expression of C/EBP¦Â and PPAR¦Ã mRNA and protein were significantly down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner following CAF treatment. CAF also dramatically decreased the expression of C/EBP¦Á, which is essential for the acquisition of insulin sensitivity by adipocytes. Moreover, the expression of the aP2 and FAS genes, which are involved in lipid metabolism, decreased dramatically upon treatment with CAF. Interestingly, CAF diminished the insulin-stimulated serine phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and GSK3¦Â (Ser9), which may reduce glucose uptake in response to insulin and lipid accumulation. Furthermore, CAF not only inhibited triglyceride accumulation during adipogenesis but also contributed to the lipolysis of adipocytes.In the present study, we demonstrate that CAF suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results indicated that CAF down-regulates the expression of C/EBP¦Â and subsequently inhibits the activation of PPAR¦Ã and C/EBP¦Á. The anti-adipogenic activity of CAF was mediated by the inhibition of Akt activation and GSK3¦Â phosphorylation, which induced the down-regulation of lipid accumulation and lipid metabolizing genes, ultimately inhibiting adipocyte differentiation.Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and there are multiple obesity-associated health problems, which include type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [1]. Obesity is caused by an increase in adipose tissue mass, which results from the multiplication of fat cells through adipogenesis and the increased deposition of cytoplasmic triglycerides [2]. Adipocytes are highly specialized cells that play a critical role in regulating lipid meta
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/12/31