%0 Journal Article
%T Antioxidant activity of noni juice in heavy smokers
%A Mian-Ying Wang
%A M Nawal Lutfiyya
%A Vicki Weidenbacher-Hoper
%A Gary Anderson
%A Chen X Su
%A Brett J West
%J Chemistry Central Journal
%D 2009
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1752-153x-3-13
%X After 30 days, mean SAR decreased from 0.26 ¡À 0.14 to 0.19 ¡À 0.10 ¦Ìmol/mL in the 29.5 mL dose group (P < 0.01) and from 0.26 ¡À 0.22 to 0.18 ¡À 0.11 ¦Ìmol/mL in the 118 mL dose group (P < 0.001). LOOH levels decreased from 0.53 ¡À 0.19 to 0.40 ¡À 0.10 ¦Ìmol/mL in the 29.5 mL dose group (P < 0.001) and from 0.55 ¡À 0.21 to 0.40 ¡À 0.14 ¦Ìmol/mL in the 118 mL dose group (P < 0.001). No significant reductions in SAR or LOOH levels were observed in the placebo group.The results suggest an antioxidant activity from noni juice in humans exposed to tobacco smoke, thereby replicating the results found previous chemical and in vivo tests.Exposure to cigarette smoke results in the generation of oxygen free radicals that account, in part, for the pathogenesis of smoking related diseases [1-3]. It is estimated that about 1017 oxidant molecules are present in each puff of cigarette smoke [4]. Smoking results in a subsequent state of oxidative stress, due to the formation of circulating lipid peroxidation products in the blood [5-7], such as lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), as well as superoxide anion radicals (SAR). Increases in LOOH and SAR have been measured in the blood following exposure to cigarette smoke [8-10]. The induction of lipid peroxidation is largely due to free-radical reactions involving polyunsaturated fatty acids in biological membranes. The unsaturated bonds undergo autocatalytic or enzymatic processing to form harmful LOOH [11]. The active LOOH quickly decompose to aldehydes and alkenals. All of these are active in DNA binding and are responsible for major endogenous cell damage.Previous research has established that fruits and vegetables are major sources of dietary antioxidants [12]. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that consumption of fruits and vegetables may reduce free-radical-induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in cigarette smokers [13]. Morinda citrifolia (noni) is an evergreen or small tree that grows in many tropical regions of the world. Th
%U http://journal.chemistrycentral.com/content/3/1/13