%0 Journal Article
%T The use of extraoral photographs for predicting dentoalveolar and skeletal characteristics in persons seeking orthodontic treatment.
%A E. Gianniou
%A G. Kolokithas
%A A.E. Athanasiou
%A I. Ioannidou-Marathiotou
%J Hellenic Orthodontic Review
%D 2003
%I 
%X AIM: On the one hand, to investigate the possibility of predicting dentoalveolar and skeletal discrepancies in persons seeking orthodontic treatment through simple observation of their extraoral frontal and profile photographs by experienced orthodontists and, on the other hand, to compare such data with the information given by other diagnostic means, such as study casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Department of Orthodontics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Material included study casts, orthodontic history records, cephalometric radiographs and photographs taken during the 1994-1995 period supplemented by questionnaires filled in by an expert referee group during the 1997-2001 period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 25 orthodontists of different ages, scientific expertise and clinical experience were presented with frontal and profile extraoral photographs of 67 people (36 men, 31 women) seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics. This group of 25 referees filled in an extensive and detailed questionnaire consisting of 24 questions that concerned assessment parameters of sagittal and vertical relationships on the sagittal and frontal planes of the dentofacial complex. The referees assessed the frontal and profile photographs by simple observation. Analysis of study casts and cephalometric radiographs was performed by the first author. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spearman¡¯s r statistical criterion was used to investigate possible correlation between the subjective responses of the referee group and the objective findings (findings from the analysis of study casts and cephalometric radiographs). RESULTS: Assessment of dentofacial discrepancies by orthodontists based on extraoral photographs may be reliable concerning facial profile, variables of skeletal profile on the sagittal plane, the lower third of the skeletal profile on the sagittal and vertical planes, overjet, overbite, traumatic occlusion and Angle Class occlusion. During assessment of the frontal facial view no variable was recognized by the referees, except for the lower anterior height of the facial skeleton.
%K Extraoral photographs
%K profile view
%K frontal view
%K diagnosis
%K occlusal problems
%K skeletal discrepancies
%K prediction
%U http://www.grortho.gr/hor/v6i2/v6i1_06.pdf