%0 Journal Article
%T Oncoprotein DEK as a tissue and urinary biomarker for bladder cancer
%A Antara Datta
%A Martin E Adelson
%A Yakov Mogilevkin
%A Eli Mordechai
%A Abraham A Sidi
%A Jason P Trama
%J BMC Cancer
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-2407-11-234
%X We examined the expression of DEK protein by western blot in 38 paired transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) bladder tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissue. The presence of DEK protein in voided urine was analyzed by western blot in 42 urine samples collected from patients with active TCC, other malignant urogenital disease and healthy individuals.The DEK protein is expressed in 33 of 38 bladder tumor tissues with no expression in adjacent normal tissue. Based on our sample size, DEK protein is expressed in 100% of tumors of low malignant potential, 92% of tumors of low grade and in 71% of tumors of high grade. Next, we analyzed 42 urine samples from patients with active TCC, other malignant urogenital disease, non-malignant urogenital disease and healthy individuals for DEK protein expression by western blot analysis. We are the first to show that the DEK protein is present in the urine of bladder cancer patients. Approximately 84% of TCC patient urine specimens were positive for urine DEK.Based on our pilot study of 38 bladder tumor tissue and 42 urine samples from patients with active TCC, other malignant urogenital disease, non-malignant urogenital disease and healthy individuals; DEK protein is expressed in bladder tumor tissue and voided urine of bladder cancer patients. The presence of DEK protein in voided urine is potentially a suitable biomarker for bladder cancer and that the screening for the presence of DEK protein in urine can be explored as a noninvasive diagnostic test for bladder cancer.Bladder cancer is the sixth most prevalent malignancy in the United States of America, with an expected 70,530 newly diagnosed cases in 2010, and 14,680 deaths [1]. More than 90% of bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (TCC), 5% are squamous cell carcinomas, and less than 2% are adenocarcinomas. Urothelial tumors are classified into four categories: papilloma, papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential, low grade carcinoma, and high grade carc
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/11/234