%0 Journal Article
%T Arsenic metabolites in humans after ingestion of wakame seaweed
%A Hata A.
%A Yamanaka K.
%A Endo G.
%A Yamano Y.
%J E3S Web of Conferences
%D 2013
%I 
%R 10.1051/e3sconf/20130126006
%X Seaweed contains large amounts of various arsenic compounds such as arsenosugars (AsSugs), but their relative toxicities have not yet been fully evaluated. A risk evaluation of dietary arsenic would be necessary. After developing an arsenic speciation analysis of wakame seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida), we conducted a wakame ingestion experiment using volunteers. Five volunteers ingested 300 g of commercial wakame after refraining from seafood for 5 days. Arsenic metabolites in the urine were monitored over a 5-day period after ingestion. Total arsenic concentration of the wakame seaweed was 34.3 ¡À 2.1 mg arsenic/kg (dry weight, n = 3). Two AsSugs, 3-[5¡ä-deoxy-5¡ä-(dimethyl-arsinoyl)-¦Â-ribofuranosyloxy]-propylene glycol (AsSug328) and 3-[5¡ä-deoxy-5¡ä-(dimethyl-arsinoyl)-¦Â- ribofuranosyl-oxy]-2-hydroxypropyl-2,3-dihydroxy-propyl phosphate (AsSug482) were detected, but arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), monomethylarsonic acid, and inorganic arsenics (iAs) were not detected. The major peak was AsSug328, which comprised 89% of the total arsenic. Approximately 30% of the total arsenic ingested was excreted in the urine during the 5-day observation. Five arsenic compounds were detected in the urine after ingestion, the major one being DMA, which comprised 58.1 ¡À 5.0% of the total urinary arsenic excreted over the 5 days. DMA was believed to be metabolized not from iAs but from AsSugs, and its biological half-time was approximately 13 h.
%K arsenosugar
%K metabolite
%K organoarsenic
%K seaweed
%K urine
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20130126006