%0 Journal Article %T Is Identical Really Identical? An Investigation of Equivalency Theory and Online Learning %A Ruth Lapsley %A Brian Kulik %A Rex Moody %A J. B. (Ben) Arbaugh %J Journal of Educators Online %D 2008 %I Journal of Educators Online %X This study investigates the validity of equivalency theory among 63 students by comparing two introductory upper-division human resource management courses: one taught online, the other in a traditional classroom. Commonalities included same term, same professor, and identical assignments/tests in the same order, thus allowing a direct comparison of course outcomes. MANCOVA results supported equivalency theory, and further suggest that the online learning pedagogy may be superior in its overall effect on student performance. %U http://www.thejeo.com/Archives/Volume5Number1/LapsleyetalPaper.pdf