%0 Journal Article
%T Longitudinal trends in organophosphate incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center, 1995¨C2007
%A David L Stone
%A Daniel L Sudakin
%A Jeffrey J Jenkins
%J Environmental Health
%D 2009
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1476-069x-8-18
%X Non-occupational human exposure incidents reported to NPIC were grouped into pre- (1995¨C2000) and post-announcement periods (2001¨C2007). The number of total OP exposure incidents, as well as reports for chlorpyrifos, diazinon and malathion, were analyzed for significant differences between these two periods. The number of informational inquiries from the general public was analyzed over time as well.The number of average annual OP-related exposure incidents reported to NPIC decreased significantly between the pre- and post-announcement periods (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in the number of chlorpyrifos and diazinon reports was observed over time (p < 0.001). No significant difference in the number of incident reports for malathion was observed (p = 0.4), which was not phased-out of residential use. Similar to exposure incidents, the number of informational inquiries received by NPIC declined over time following the phase-out announcement.Consistent with other findings, the number of chlorpyrifos and diazinon exposure incidents reported to NPIC significantly decreased following public announcement and targeted regulatory action.In 1996, the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) was signed into law. This landmark legislation had a significant impact on the regulation of pesticides, addressing specific elements of exposure assessment and risk characterization. Among other changes, FQPA mandates additional protections for infants and children, considers aggregate and cumulative exposures and requires a periodic re-evaluation of pesticide registrations to include new scientific findings for each pesticide active ingredient.Organophosphates (OPs) were the first class of insecticides to have revised risk assessments under FQPA, in part because of a common mode of action shared among active ingredients. OPs elicit their effect via the phosphorylation and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzymes [1]. This leads to a build up of excess acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter e
%U http://www.ehjournal.net/content/8/1/18