%0 Journal Article
%T Multiplicity of cerebrospinal fluid functions: New challenges in health and disease
%A Conrad E Johanson
%A John A Duncan
%A Petra M Klinge
%A Thomas Brinker
%A Edward G Stopa
%A Gerald D Silverberg
%J Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
%D 2008
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1743-8454-5-10
%X 1 Overview2 CSF formation2.1 Transcription factors2.2 Ion transporters2.3 Enzymes that modulate transport2.4 Aquaporins or water channels2.5 Receptors for neuropeptides3 CSF pressure3.1 Servomechanism regulatory hypothesis3.2 Ontogeny of CSF pressure generation3.3 Congenital hydrocephalus and periventricular regions3.4 Brain response to elevated CSF pressure3.5 Advances in measuring CSF waveforms4 CSF flow4.1 CSF flow and brain metabolism4.2 Flow effects on fetal germinal matrix4.3 Decreasing CSF flow in aging CNS4.4 Refinement of non-invasive flow measurements5 CSF volume5.1 Hemodynamic factors5.2 Hydrodynamic factors5.3 Neuroendocrine factors6 CSF turnover rate6.1 Adverse effect of ventriculomegaly6.2 Attenuated CSF sink action7 CSF composition7.1 Kidney-like action of CP-CSF system7.2 Altered CSF biochemistry in aging and disease7.3 Importance of clearance transport7.4 Therapeutic manipulation of composition8 CSF recycling in relation to ISF dynamics8.1 CSF exchange with brain interstitium8.2 Components of ISF movement in brain8.3 Compromised ISF/CSF dynamics and amyloid retention9 CSF reabsorption9.1 Arachnoidal outflow resistance9.2 Arachnoid villi vs. olfactory drainage routes9.3 Fluid reabsorption along spinal nerves9.4 Reabsorption across capillary aquaporin channels10 Developing translationally effective models for restoring CSF balance11 ConclusionFree-flowing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) finely-regulated in composition is vital to brain health [1,2]. Aging- or disease-induced alterations in CSF circulation adversely impact neuronal performance [2,3]. Throughout life the choroid plexus (CP)-CSF dynamics are damaged by tumors, infections, trauma, ischemia or hydrocephalus [4-8]. Severely disrupted CSF flow disturbs cognitive and motor functions [9]. CNS viability is taxed if key choroidal-CSF parameters are distorted. For health and disease it is essential to delineate interactions of CP and brain with the intervening CSF (Fig. 1).Improved biotechnology and mo
%U http://www.fluidsbarrierscns.com/content/5/1/10