%0 Journal Article
%T Comparative study on saponin fractions from Panax notoginseng inhibiting inflammation-induced endothelial adhesion molecule expression and monocyte adhesion
%A Nan Wang
%A Jian-Bo Wan
%A Shun-Wan Chan
%A Yan-Hui Deng
%A Nan Yu
%A Qing-Wen Zhang
%A Yi-Tao Wang
%A Simon Lee
%J Chinese Medicine
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1749-8546-6-37
%X Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-¦Á (TNF-¦Á) was added to the culture medium of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) to induce an inflammatory response. A cell adhesion assay was used to determine the effect of the P. notoginseng saponin fractions on endothelial-monocyte interaction. The cell adhesion molecule (CAMs) expression, including ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, in the protein level on the surface of endothelial cells were measured by cellular ELISA. CAMs expression in mRNA level was also assayed by qRT-PCR in the HCAECs and the aorta of rat fed with high cholesterol diet (HCD). Western blotting was used to detect effect of the saponin fractions on CAMs protein expression in HCAECs. In addition, nuclear translocation of p65, a surrogate marker for NF-¦ÊB activation, was measured by immunostaining.Three saponin fractions and two individual ginsenosides exhibited the inhibitory effects on monocyte adhesion on TNF-¦Á-activated HCAECs and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at both mRNA and protein levels in vitro. The saponin fractions exhibited a similar trend of the inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of CAMs in the aorta of HCD-fed rat in vivo. These inhibitory effect of saponin fractions maybe attribute partially to the suppression of the TNF-¦Á-induced NF-¦ÊB activation.Our data demonstrate that saponin fractions (ie PNS, PDS and PTS) and major individual ginsenosides (ie Rg1 and Rb1) have potential anti-atherogenic effects. Among the tested saponin fractions, PDS is the most potent saponin fraction against TNF-¦Á-induced monocyte adhesion as well as the expression of adhesion molecules in vitro and in vivo.Atherosclerosis (AS), a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the large arteries, is the cause of most human heart diseases and strokes [1]. The role of vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis has been increasingly recognized in the past decade [2,3]. The early phase of vascular inflammation involves t
%U http://www.cmjournal.org/content/6/1/37