%0 Journal Article
%T Differential effects of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao) on cytokine and chemokine expression inducible by mycobacteria
%A Liangjie Wang
%A Cindy Yang
%A Terry Or
%A Gang Chen
%A Jian Zhou
%A James Li
%A Allan Lau
%J Chinese Medicine
%D 2011
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1749-8546-6-14
%X The interaction of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) with PBMac was used as an experimental model. A series of procedures involving solvent extraction and fractionation were used to isolate bioactive constituents in RPR. RPR-EA-S1, a fraction with potent immunoregulatory effects was obtained with a bioactivity guided fractionation scheme. PBMac were treated with crude RPR extracts or RPR-EA-S1 before BCG stimulation. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-¦Á were measured by qPCR and ELISA. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of RPR-EA-S1 on signaling kinases and transcriptional factors in the BCG-activated PBMac.In BCG-stimulated macrophages, crude RPR extracts and fraction RPR-EA-S1 specifically inhibited IL-10 production while enhanced IL-8 expression at both mRNA and protein levels without affecting the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-¦Á. Inhibition of BCG-induced IL-10 expression by RPR-EA-S1 occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RPR-EA-S1 did not affect the phosphorylation of cellular protein kinases including MAPK, Akt and GSK3¦Â. Instead, it suppressed the degradation of I¦ÊB¦Á in the cytoplasm and inhibited the translocation of transcription factor NF-¦ÊB1 p50 to the nucleus.RPR crude extracts and its fraction RPR-EA-S1 inhibited anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and enhanced pro-inflammatory chemokine IL-8 expression in BCG-activated PBMac. The inhibitory effects of RPR-EA-S1 on IL-10 expression in BCG-activated PBMac may be due to the reduced nuclear translocation of NF-¦ÊB1 p50.Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide as a result of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. In 2008, an estimated 9.4 million new cases of TB and 1.3 million deaths were recorded globally [1]. Although anti-TB drugs and vaccines have been used for decades, the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and the co-infection of Mtb and related mycobacteria with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pose new challenges t
%U http://www.cmjournal.org/content/6/1/14