%0 Journal Article
%T Wireless Biosensor System for Real-Time L-Lactic Acid Monitoring in Fish
%A Kyoko Hibi
%A Kengo Hatanaka
%A Mai Takase
%A Huifeng Ren
%A Hideaki Endo
%J Sensors
%D 2012
%I MDPI AG
%R 10.3390/s120506269
%X We have developed a wireless biosensor system to continuously monitor L-lactic acid concentrations in fish. The blood L-lactic acid level of fish is a barometer of stress. The biosensor comprised Pt-Ir wire (¦Õ0.178 mm) as the working electrode and Ag/AgCl paste as the reference electrode. Lactate oxidase was immobilized on the working electrode using glutaraldehyde. The sensor calibration was linear and good correlated with L-lactic acid levels (R = 0.9959) in the range of 0.04 to 6.0 mg¡¤dL£¿1. We used the eyeball interstitial sclera fluid (EISF) as the site of sensor implantation. The blood L-lactic acid levels correlated closely with the EISF L-lactic acid levels in the range of 3 to 13 mg¡¤dL£¿1 (R = 0.8173, n = 26). Wireless monitoring of L-lactic acid was performed using the sensor system in free-swimming fish in an aquarium. The sensor response was stable for over 60 h. Thus, our biosensor provided a rapid and convenient method for real-time monitoring of L-lactic acid levels in fish.
%K L-lactic acid
%K fish
%K wireless
%K monitoring
%K interstitial fluid
%U http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/5/6269