%0 Journal Article
%T National Ecological Pressure and Ecological Efficiency<br>国家生态压力与生态利用效率研究
%A GU Xiao-wei
%A WANG Qing
%A WANG Jun
%A ZHANG Bo
%A DING Yi
%A LI Guang-jun
%A <br>顾晓薇
%A 王青
%A 王军
%A 张波
%A 丁一
%A 李广军
%J 资源科学
%D 2007
%I 
%X Based on the ecological footprint method,domestic ecological footprint and ecological efficiency indicators have been proposed and formulated to measure the aggregate ecological pressure carried by a national domestic ecosystem and the ecological efficiency of a nation's economy. The indicators were used to calculate China's domestic ecological footprint,ecological carrying capacity,domestic footprint overshoot,and ecological efficiency for the period of 1990 to 2003. Analyses were done on China's aggregate domestic ecological pressure,ecological efficiency and their historical profiles,development trends,compositions and main problems.Results show that China's domestic ecological footprint increased from 16.5×108hm2 in 1990 to 28.14×108 hm2 in 2003 with an annual growth rate of 4.2%,while its domestic footprint overshoot increased from 6.29×108hm2 in 1990 to 15.92×108 hm2 in 2003 with an annual growth rate of 7.4%. China's ecosystem was overburdened in the study period,and the degree of eco-overburden is now quite high. China's domestic ecological efficiency also increased during the study period,from 2 070 Yuan/hm2 to 4 046 Yuan/hm2 with an annual increase of 5.3%. This increase in ecological efficiency indicates that China's economy realized a certain degree of relative ecological depressurization. However,the growth rate of ecological efficiency is much lower than that of the economy,resulting in high increase of domestic footprint. This reveals that China's fast economic development over the study period (as measured by the average annual GDP growth rate of 9.7%) was achieved at the cost of high consumption of domestic ecological resources. It is clear that end-of pipe environmental measures alone are far from being sufficient in achieving sustainability,reducing resources demand is the essential approach to a sustainable future. The high proportions of energy and arable land demands in the total domestic ecological footprint indicate that energy and agriculture are the core issues of China's sustainable development. Since the high total population and the high rural population makes it almost impossible to reduce the arable land demand,the major share in resources demand reduction lies in energy. Thus,raising energy efficiency of the economy becomes the key to sustainability.It should be noted that the picking up in the increasing rate of total domestic ecological footprint and the slowing down in the growth rate of the domestic ecological efficiency from 2001 on are a clear sign of further increase in China's aggregate ecological pressure in the foreseeable future. This should be taken seriously and policies and measures should be designed to reverse the trend.
%K Ecological pressure
%K Domestic ecological footprint
%K Domestic ecological efficiency
%K Ecological impact intensity<br>生态压力
%K 本国生态足迹
%K 本国生态利用效率
%K 生态冲击强度
%U http://www.alljournals.cn/get_abstract_url.aspx?pcid=B5EDD921F3D863E289B22F36E70174A7007B5F5E43D63598017D41BB67247657&cid=B47B31F6349F979B&jid=9DEEAF23637E6E9539AD99BE6ABAB2B3&aid=41064BEBB7B7E5EE&yid=A732AF04DDA03BB3&vid=771469D9D58C34FF&iid=CA4FD0336C81A37A&sid=E22B6B8FE86DD8F9&eid=A020552C37306588&journal_id=1007-7588&journal_name=资源科学&referenced_num=8&reference_num=15