%0 Journal Article
%T Tetrabutylammonium Bromide Media Aza-Michael Addition of 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalimide to Symmetrical Fumaric Esters and Acrylic Esters under Solvent-Free Conditions
%A Gholamhassan Imanzadeh
%A Farzaneh Ahmadi
%A Mohammadreza Zamanloo
%A Yagoub Mansoori
%J Molecules
%D 2010
%I MDPI AG
%R 10.3390/molecules15107353
%X The aza-Michael addition of 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide with symmetrical fumaric esters has been performed efficiently in a solvent-free system at 100 ˇăC and using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a base in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB). The products were obtained in good to high yields within 2.5-7.0 h. This reaction worked well on linear alkyl fumarates and was not effective with nonlinear alkyl fumarates. Although the reaction was also applicable to acrylates such as n-butyl acrylate, methacrylates and crotonates were not suitable Michael acceptors for this reaction.
%K aza-Michael addition
%K 1
%K 2
%K 3
%K 6-tetrahydrophthalimide
%K fumaric ester
%K tetrabutyl-ammonium bromide
%U http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/15/10/7353