%0 Journal Article
%T Isolation and Structure Elucidation of GM4-Type Gangliosides from the Okinawan Starfish Protoreaster nodosus
%A Ke Pan
%A Chiaki Tanaka
%A Masanori Inagaki
%A Ryuichi Higuchi
%A Tomofumi Miyamoto
%J Marine Drugs
%D 2012
%I MDPI AG
%R 10.3390/md10112467
%X Three new ganglioside molecular species, termed PNG-1, PNG-2A, and PNG-2B were isolated from pyloric caeca of the starfish Protoreaster nodosus. Their structures were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods, and characterized as 1- O-[8- O-methyl- N-acetyl-¦Á-neuraminosyl-(2¡ú3)-¦Â-galactopyranosyl]-ceramide for PNG-1, 1- O-[¦Â-galactofuranosyl-(1¡ú3)-¦Á-galactopyranosyl-(1¡ú4)-8- O-methyl- N-acetyl-¦Á-neuraminosyl-(2¡ú3)-¦Â-galactopyranosyl]-ceramide for PNG-2A, and 1- O-[¦Â-galacto furanosyl-(1¡ú3)-¦Á-galactopyranosyl-(1¡ú9)- N-acetyl-¦Á-neuraminosyl-(2¡ú3)-¦Â-galactopyr anosyl]-ceramide for PNG-2B. PNG-2A and PNG-2B represent the first GM4 elongation products in nature.
%K glycosphingolipid
%K ganglioside
%K GM4
%K starfish
%K Protoreaster nodosus
%U http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/11/2467