%0 Journal Article
%T Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles through Reduction with Solanum xanthocarpum L. Berry Extract: Characterization, Antimicrobial and Urease Inhibitory Activities against Helicobacter pylori
%A Muhammad Amin
%A Farooq Anwar
%A Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf Janjua
%A Muhammad Awais Iqbal
%A Umer Rashid
%J International Journal of Molecular Sciences
%D 2012
%I MDPI AG
%R 10.3390/ijms13089923
%X A green synthesis route for the production of silver nanoparticles using methanol extract from Solanum xanthocarpum berry (SXE) is reported in the present investigation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNps), having a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band centered at 406 nm, were synthesized by reacting SXE (as capping as well as reducing agent) with AgNO 3 during a 25 min process at 45 ˇăC. The synthesized AgNps were characterized using UV¨CVisible spectrophotometry, powdered X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the time of reaction, temperature and volume ratio of SXE to AgNO 3 could accelerate the reduction rate of Ag + and affect the AgNps size and shape. The nanoparticles were found to be about 10 nm in size, mono-dispersed in nature, and spherical in shape. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of synthesized AgNps was tested against 34 clinical isolates and two reference strains of Helicobacter pylori by the agar dilution method and compared with AgNO 3 and four standard drugs, namely amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MNZ) and tetracycline (TET), being used in anti- H. pylori therapy. Typical AgNps sample (S1) effectively inhibited the growth of H. pylori, indicating a stronger anti- H. pylori activity than that of AgNO 3 or MNZ, being almost equally potent to TET and less potent than AMX and CLA. AgNps under study were found to be equally efficient against the antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-susceptible strains of H. pylori. Besides, in the H. pylori urease inhibitory assay, S1 also exhibited a significant inhibition. Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed that the mechanism of inhibition was noncompetitive.
%K silver nanoparticles
%K Solanum xanthocarpum
%K anti-Helicobacter pylori activities
%K urease inhibitory activities
%K TEM
%K agar dilution method
%U http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/13/8/9923