%0 Journal Article
%T THE ABANDONMENT OF THREE MAJOR ANCIENT RUINS GROUPS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN TARIM BASIN<br>塔里木盆地三大遗址群的兴衰与环境变化
%A Wang Shouchun
%A <br>王守春
%J 第四纪研究
%D 1998
%I 
%X There are many ancient ruins in the desert and among active dunes in the TarimBasin. The major ruins are composed of three important ruins groups : Loulan RuinsGroup,Niya Ruins Group, and Keria Ruins Group.The famous ancient Loulan City occurred in 2 Cent. B.C. But from 1 Cent A.D.to the beginning of 4 Cent. A.D. the economy of Loulan Ruins Group showed majordevelopment and flourishing. In 2-1 Cent. B.C., stock raising composed major partof the economy, and the grain couldn' t satisfy the need of Loulan population.Howerver from 1 Cent. The agriculture in Loulan Region was greatly developed byincreasing cultivated area, so the grain could satisfy fully the need of the much morepopulation lived in expended Loulan City and in more settlements in this regions.This development should be connected with the improvement of warer resouces. Thisconclusion is based on the fact that there was only one main river course in lowerreaches of Tarim caver Before Christ. But during 1-4 Cent. A. D., there were otherone or two branches diverged from the main river course in the lower reaches ofTarim River. This divergence in the lower reaches of Tarim River was the result ofthe increase of the general discharge of the Tarim River. According to the ancientofficial books and the documents, the Loulan City and the settlements in the lowerreaches of Tarim River were abandoned in 4 Cent. A.D. and these historical recordsalso indicated that the cause of the abandonment of Loulan City and the settlementswere reduction of the discharge of the Tarim River.The Niya Ruins Group lies in the southern interior of Taklamakan Desert wasinhabitanted Before Christ and was a small country called "Jing Jue". But thechronology determined by 14C dating and the relics found in the ruins group indicatesthat this ruins group was greatly flourishing and developing during 1- 4 Cent. A.D.This conclusion is based on the following facts. Among ten 14C dates which collectedfrom various rUins, only three data are Before Christ but the others belong to 1-5Cent. A.D. The graves which indicated some chronological character during the laterof 1 to 2 Cent. A.D. locate in the north of the rUins group. There is a remain ofbuddhist pagoda in the center of the bans group. The buddhism was introduced toTarim Basin at the beginning of the first century. Many documents written in Chinesecharacter, belong to 3 Cent. A.D. There were many Karoshti documents found in thisruins. These documents recorded the kings of local kingdom whose chronology wasbetween 175-359 A. D. Among the karoshti documents, there were many documentsrecorded agricultural activitites such as Planting wheat barley, millet, and plantingtrees and irrigating land. These factS showed that the environmental condition inancient bine was much better than today. The general spatial distribution of 14C daresshowes that the earlier chronological data are in the north of the ruins group or in thelower reaches of ancient Niya River, and the later 14C ch
%K Loulan Ruins
%K Niya Ruins
%K Keria Ruins
%K environmental change<br>楼兰遗址
%K 尼雅遗坝
%K 克里雅遗址
%K 盆地
%K 环境变化
%U http://www.alljournals.cn/get_abstract_url.aspx?pcid=E62459D214FD64A3C8082E4ED1ABABED5711027BBBDDD35B&cid=621CF755B1A341E5&jid=EA07051745CDC8D89D5F01A3A4CFE6A9&aid=81E9FD79E4B512AE&yid=8CAA3A429E3EA654&vid=13553B2D12F347E8&iid=CA4FD0336C81A37A&sid=4F2F18DD6F870C2C&eid=9C65ADEB5990B252&journal_id=1001-7410&journal_name=第四纪研究&referenced_num=4&reference_num=9