%0 Journal Article
%T SPACE DEBRIS AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT<br>空间碎片与空间环境
%A 李春来
%A 欧阳自远
%A 都亨
%J 第四纪研究
%D 2002
%I 
%X The space environment which surrounds the Earth is becoming increasingly polluted with space debris. Space debris (also called as "orbital debris") includes both natural micrometeorites and man made orbital debris that is made up of objects like non functioning payloads, used rocket bodies, lens covers, separation devices, insulation, and small pieces from on orbit fragmentation. The space debris originates from human′s space activity, and in turn potentially endangers functional spacecraft, even obstructs any spacecraft in entering the space. Currently, space density of space debris is so high that spacecraft faces very high risk of impacting with orbital debris, and shielding processing against orbital debris has to be considered. Collision with orbital debris which has severely damaged or destroyed a spacecraft did happen, although only sporadically. Current technique and instruments could only measure, track and catalogue nearly all orbital debris larger than 10 cm (LEO) or 1m (GEO), and parts of medium debris (>1cm). The small debris (<1cm) couldn′t be effectually photographed and tracked, no speaking of being catalogued. Characterization of their population must thus be accomplished by sampling the debris flux at particular locations and times and using these data as a basis for estimating the characteristics of the general population. As for the large debris, direct impact with operating spacecraft must be utterly abstained. Elusion from the large debris is effective using the catalogue of space debris made by SSN (US) and SSS(Russia). As for the small debris, shielding is most effective method to protect operating spacecraft against damage by the vast majority of these predominantly small particles, including developing new materials and new designs To improve the space environment, the generation of orbital debris must be effectively controlled, and the growth rate should be gradually reduced. The infallible method, cleaning up the environment remains a technical and economic challenge.$$$$
%K space debris
%K cosmic dust
%K space environment
%K impact
%K spacecraft<br>空间碎片
%K 宇宙尘
%K 空间环境
%K 撞击
%K 航天器
%K 航天活动
%U http://www.alljournals.cn/get_abstract_url.aspx?pcid=E62459D214FD64A3C8082E4ED1ABABED5711027BBBDDD35B&cid=621CF755B1A341E5&jid=EA07051745CDC8D89D5F01A3A4CFE6A9&aid=B0CFC0526BE812E5&yid=C3ACC247184A22C1&vid=BC12EA701C895178&iid=B31275AF3241DB2D&sid=DFBC046213B3DD86&eid=CEFF71AEB051114C&journal_id=1001-7410&journal_name=第四纪研究&referenced_num=12&reference_num=4