%0 Journal Article
%T The effects of paying tribute to the imperial court in the history on rhinoceros'' extinction and elephant''s endangerment in Southern Yunnan<br>历史上向"天朝"上贡对滇南犀牛灭绝和亚洲象濒危过程的影响
%A XU Zai-Fu
%A <br>许再富
%J 生物多样性
%D 2000
%I Science Press
%X In accordance with the statistics from related historical documents, we estimated that 79 ~ 123 rhinoceros horns had been paid as tribute to the imperial courts of China from southern Yunnan since the Yuan Dynasty (the 13rd century). The rhinoceros in the region, therefore, was becoming extinct during the period of the Qing Dynasty from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century. The last rhinoceros was killed in 1957 in southern Yunnan. Meanwhile, 1140 ~1339 elephants and 38 -- 76 ivories were estimated to be paid as tribute to the imperial courts of China from southern Yunnan since the Yuan Dy- nasty, and elephants were fallen into the situation of endangeredness in the middle of the 17th century. Paying tribute, as a special human factor, was one of the important reasons for the endangerment and extinction of rhinoceros and elephants. Although rhinoceros has been extinct in southern Yunnan, it can be reintroduced in recent ecoenvironment.
%K rhinoceros
%K elephant
%K paying tribute
%K endangeredness
%K extinction<br>犀牛
%K 大象
%K 向天朝上贡
%K 濒危
%K 灭绝
%K 朝廷
%K 贡品
%K 人文因素
%U http://www.alljournals.cn/get_abstract_url.aspx?pcid=90BA3D13E7F3BC869AC96FB3DA594E3FE34FBF7B8BC0E591&jid=284A3BE2D09272C2DA95716775015427&aid=3976C313ED550A10&yid=9806D0D4EAA9BED3&vid=5D311CA918CA9A03&iid=CA4FD0336C81A37A&sid=4BB057F167CF3A60&eid=EFD65B51496FB200&journal_id=1005-0094&journal_name=生物多样性&referenced_num=4&reference_num=14