%0 Journal Article
%T Nest-site characteristics and reproductive success of five species of birds breeding in natural cavities<br>利用天然树洞繁殖的五种鸟的巢位特征及繁殖成功率(英文)
%A WANG Hai-Tao
%A <br>王海涛
%J 生态学报
%D 2003
%I 
%X This study documents the nest-site characteristics and reproductive success of Ashy Starling (Sturnus cineraceus), Tricolor Flycatcher (Ficedula zanthopygia), Great Tit (Parus major), Marsh Tit (Parus palustris) and Nutchatch (Sitta europaea) breeding in natural cavities in the secondary forest of the natural protective area of Zuojia, Jilin Province in China. We found 141 active nests of five species of secondary cavity-nesting birds (SCNBs) at the study site during the breeding season in 1996.There exist significant differences between the five species of SCNBs in selecting cavity types. Nine nest-site variables were tested to see if they varied significantly among the 5 species. The results showed that only the compass orientations of nest entrance are not significant (p>0.05). But all the remaining eight variables are significant (p<0.05). The results indicate that the 5 species of SCNBs select nest-sites with their own nesting requirements. The horizontal diameter and vertical diameter of nest entrance, diameter of tree at cavity height, inner breadth of the cavity and the nest height above ground are important variables in nest-site selection and are predictive of species occupancy. Most of the nests that failed occur before the laying and hatching stage, as 35 out of 44 failed nests loss during these two stages. The nest success of Great Tit is the lowest and Ashy Starling is the highest. Hatching success among the five species of SCNBs' are at high level, all exceeding 90%. Depredation (included by man and animals) is the main cause for nest failure, accounting for 61.4% of total failure nests. SCNBs' reproductive success is influenced by important variables in nest-site selection. Reproductive success of Nutchatch is influenced by HDE and NH, Marsh Tit by VDE, DBH and BC, Great Tit by HDE, NH and BC, Ashy Staring by BC and DC, and Tricolor Flycatcher by VDE, NH and CA. The horizontal and vertical diameter of nest entrance of failed nests are bigger than those of successful nests, and the depth of the cavity and breadth of the cavity of failure nests are smaller than those of successful nests. Distances from ground level of successful nests are higher than those of failure nests. The nests close to the ground are more easier to lose, 21 out of 37 failure nests were under 2.5 m above ground level, and only 2 nests above 4.5 m from ground were lost.
%K nest-site characteristic
%K reproductive success
%K secondary cavity-nesting birds
%K nest-site selection<br>巢位特征
%K 繁殖成功率
%K 次级洞巢鸟
%K 巢位选择
%U http://www.alljournals.cn/get_abstract_url.aspx?pcid=90BA3D13E7F3BC869AC96FB3DA594E3FE34FBF7B8BC0E591&jid=FE163E5DB2274E5937319DE98913EC37&aid=CC195483F67A7721&yid=D43C4A19B2EE3C0A&vid=EA389574707BDED3&iid=DF92D298D3FF1E6E&sid=CB8F7B3BEDA8D32B&eid=09D89DB7E3DF529E&journal_id=1000-0933&journal_name=生态学报&referenced_num=6&reference_num=26