%0 Journal Article
%T Anti-inflammatory agents of the carbamoylmethyl ester class: synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation
%A Sadek B
%A Hamruoni AM
%A Adem A
%J Journal of Inflammation Research
%D 2013
%I 
%R http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S39743
%X nti-inflammatory agents of the carbamoylmethyl ester class: synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation Original Research (434) Total Article Views Authors: Sadek B, Hamruoni AM, Adem A Published Date March 2013 Volume 2013:6 Pages 35 - 43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S39743 Received: 31 October 2012 Accepted: 27 November 2012 Published: 04 March 2013 Bassem Sadek,1 Amar Mansuor Hamruoni,2 Abdu Adem1 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates Abstract: In this study, target compounds 5每12 were synthesized via acid amine coupling of ibuprofen and naproxen with methyl ester derivatives of amino acids, namely, l-proline, sarcosine, l-tyrosine, and l-glutamic acid. When tested for anti-inflammatory activity using the acute carrageenan-induced hind paw method in rats, compounds 5每12 showed significantly greater anti-inflammatory activity, in the range of 40.64%每87.82%, compared with a placebo control group (P < 0.001). Among the newly synthesized compounds 5每12, naproxen derivatives 9每12 with anti-inflammatory activity ranging between 66.99% and 87.82% showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) potency than ibuprofen derivatives 5每8 with inhibition in the range of 22.03%每52.91% and control groups of ibuprofen (76.34%) or naproxen (75.59%, P < 0.05). Moreover, derivatives 9每12 derived from naproxen, in particular compounds 9 and 10 which achieved 83.91% and 87.82% inhibition of inflammation, respectively, showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher potency than naproxen derivatives 11 and 12. Notably, among naproxen derivatives 9每12, the gastric ulcerogenicity for 9 (ulcer index 11.73) and 10 (ulcer index 12.30) was found to be significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of the active ibuprofen and naproxen control groups with ulcer indices of 22.87 and 24.13, respectively. On the other hand, naproxen derivatives 9每11 showed significant inhibition (P < 0.05) of prostaglandin E2 synthesis when compared with the active control group receiving indomethacin, suggesting a correlation between the observed low ulcerogenicity and effect on prostaglandin E2 synthesis for compounds 9 and 10. However, significant inhibition of prostaglandin E2 observed for naproxen derivative 11 (107.51) did not correlate with its observed ulcer index (16.84). Our overall findings for carbamoylmethyl ester derivatives named 5每12 clearly suggest that the compounds showing potent antiinflammatory effect.
%K carbamoylmethyl ester
%K anti-inflammatory
%K prostaglandin E2
%K inhibitory properties
%U https://www.dovepress.com/anti-inflammatory-agents-of-the-carbamoylmethyl-ester-class-synthesis--peer-reviewed-article-JIR