%0 Journal Article %T Radium-223 chloride: a potential new treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with metastatic bone disease %A Harrison MR %A Wong TZ %A Armstrong AJ %A George DJ %J Cancer Management and Research %D 2013 %I %R http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S25537 %X dium-223 chloride: a potential new treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with metastatic bone disease Review (1446) Total Article Views Authors: Harrison MR, Wong TZ, Armstrong AJ, George DJ Published Date January 2013 Volume 2013:5 Pages 1 - 14 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S25537 Received: 30 May 2012 Accepted: 06 August 2012 Published: 08 January 2013 Michael R Harrison, Terence Z Wong, Andrew J Armstrong, Daniel J George Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA Background: Radium-223 chloride (223Ra; Alpharadin) is an alpha-emitting radioisotope that targets areas of osteoblastic metastasis and is excreted by the small intestine. When compared with beta-emitters (eg, strontium-89, samarium-153), 223Ra delivers a high quantity of energy per track length with short tissue penetration. Objective: This review describes the mechanism, radiobiology, and preclinical development of 223Ra and discusses the clinical data currently available regarding its safety and efficacy profile. Methods: Data from clinical trials including abstracts were collected and reviewed using the PubMed Database, as well as the American Society of Clinical Oncology abstract database. Conclusion: Current bone-targeted therapies fall into two main categories: antiresorptive agents (eg, zoledronic acid, denosumab), which have been shown to delay skeletal-related events, and radiopharmaceuticals (eg, samarium-153), which may have a role in pain palliation. Historically, neither antiresorptive agents nor radiopharmaceuticals have shown definitive evidence of improved overall survival or other antitumor effects in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Radiopharmaceuticals are limited by myelosuppresion, thrombocytopenia, and renal excretion. In a recently reported randomized Phase III trial in men with symptomatic bone-metastatic CRPC who had received or were ineligible for docetaxel chemotherapy, 223Ra treatment resulted in improved overall survival and delayed skeletal-related events. Toxicity consisted of minor gastrointestinal side effects and mild neutropenia and thrombocytopenia that were rarely severe. Pending regulatory approval, 223Ra may represent a unique and distinct option for an important subgroup of patients with mCRPC; future trials should address its use in combination or in sequence with existing and novel agents. %K Alpharadin %K 223Ra %K radium-223 %K radionuclide therapy %K metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer %K bone metastases %U https://www.dovepress.com/radium-223-chloride-a-potential-new-treatment-for-castration-resistant-peer-reviewed-article-CMAR