The treatment of obesity is currently presented as a public health problem, since if left untreated, the natural history of the disease leads to predisposition and development of uncontrolled chronic degenerative diseases. Therefore, bariatric surgery has gained strength over the years, being proposed as the most effective treatment for severe obesity as well as its comorbidities. This systematic review compares the clinical efficacy and postoperative safety of two available surgical techniques: laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), including 14 studies, half of which were randomized controlled trials and the rest cohort studies, with a total of more than 10,000 patients. Outcomes evaluated included estimated weight loss (%EWL), remission of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, quality of life, and postoperative complications. LRYGB demonstrated greater effectiveness in relation to remission of comorbidities during postoperative follow-up, whereas LSG presented a lower risk of postoperative complications. Evidence was assessed using ROB 2.0, ROBINS-I, and the GRADE system. Individualized selection of surgical technique based on patient characteristics and associated comorbidities, with multidisciplinary management, is essential for a better prognosis.
Cite this paper
Rodriguez, C. D. L. , Haro, C. E. A. , Castro, K. A. C. , Ley, D. S. , Orozco, D. L. G. , Cervantes, G. C. , Ló, H. C. , Mestas, E. , Reyes, A. Y. T. , Ló, M. A. C. , pez, Guevara, A. H. , Arias, J. M. A. and Bravo, A. M. (2026). Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Sleeve Gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open Access Library Journal, 13, e15792. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1115792.
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