Population-scale and rapid testing for SARS-CoV-2 continues to be a priority for several parts of the world. We revisit the in vitro technology platforms for COVID-19 testing and diagnostics—molecular tests and rapid antigen tests, serology or antibody tests, and tests for the management of COVID-19 patients. Within each category of tests, we review the commercialized testing platforms, their analyzing systems, specimen collection protocols, testing methodologies, supply chain logistics, and rel...

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Doi:10.3390/s21196581

Identification and characterization of micro-organisms that cause infections are crucial for successful management of patients. For several decades, routine clinical microbiological diagnostic laboratories have been equipped with a growing panel of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to investigate the microbial etiology of infectious diseases. Considering the disadvantages of traditional methods, multiplex PCR techniques have been routinely endorsed in clinical microbiology labora...

Epidemiology  Molecular Biology  Microbiology  Infectious Diseases 

Doi:10.21608/MID.2020.25905.1001

Introduction:Klebsilla pneumoniae isoneofmust opportunisticpathogens that causesnosocomial infection, UTI,respiratory tract infections and blood infections.ZrO2nanoparticleshave antimicrobial activityagainst some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Ceftazidimeis one of third generation cephalosporinsgroups of antibiotecs, characterized by its broad spectrum on bacteria in general and particularly on Enterobacteriaceaefamily like Klebsiellaspp.Method:DiverseclinicalsamplesofKle...

Public Health  Epidemiology  Global Health  Infectious Diseases  Immunology 

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Introduction: Stigma and discrimination toward obese person are pervasive and have created various consequences for their psychological and physical health. Various studies in American society showed obese person are negatively stereotyped. The aim of the study is to identifying the perceptions of students towards the obesity stigmatisation. Methods: This study used 300 students who will answer a self-administered questionnaire on obese stigmatization. A total of 150 male ...

Epidemiology  Global Health  Nutrition 

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Objective: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) was first described in 1955 and recently categorized in DSM-V. The prevalence is 1.5-5.7% in general population and reaches up to 5.7% in young adolescents. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of NES in university students and the related factors with NES. Methods: 179 university students (17 male, 162 female) were enrolled to this cross-sectional study. Data were obtained by a questionnaire applied to participants face to face. Questionnai...

Public Health  Epidemiology 

Doi:10.5505/anatoljfm.2018.32042

Background Typhoid fever is an infectious disease of global importance that is caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). This disease causes an estimated 200,000 deaths per year and remains a serious global health threat. S. Typhi is strictly a human pathogen, and some recovered individuals become long-term carriers who continue to shed the bacteria in their faeces, thus becoming main reservoirs of infection. Results A comparative genomics analysis combined with a ...

Epidemiology  Molecular Biology  Microbiology  Information retrieval  Evolutionary Studies  High Performance Computing  Biotechnology  Genomics  Computational Biology  Genetics  Infectious Diseases  Pathology  Medical Genetics 

The increased incidence of cancer in children and adolescents registered in Italy in the last few decades is one of the highest amongst Western countries. The causes are difficult to identify, but recent daily news and some epidemiological surveys, such as the ‘Sentieri’ study, suggest that environmental pollution has an important role. In the past 20 years, epigenetic studies have described how the changes induced by the cell microenvironment on the non-coding parts of the genome can heavi...

Public Health  Epidemiology  Health Policy  Global Health  Environmental Sciences 

Doi:10.19204/2016/thhg5

Introduction: It is important to understand a population the sexual behaviors if we want to measure the spread risks of sexually transmitted infections in order to identify the appropriate target and evaluate the prevention program. There is scarcity of research in this domain, especially in Africa, where sexuality is still seen as a taboo. The best knowledge of risks and youth sexual behavior is considered as a priority in public health, even though it can still to be difficult in these conditi...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: In recent years the efficacy of BCG vaccine against tuberculosis has been questioned and there is no alternative vaccine available. Several strategies are being applied to get a satisfactory vaccine. Two approaches are generally considered: the subunit vaccines and the whole cell vaccines. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate an avirulent mycobacteria, Mycobacterium habana, as a whole cell vaccine to protect mice from infection of M. tuberculosis H37Rv. M...