%0 Journal Article
%T Diversity and Complexity in Chromatin Recognition by TFII-I Transcription Factors in Pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cells and Embryonic Tissues
%A Aleksandr V. Makeyev
%A Badam Enkhmandakh
%A Seung-Hyun Hong
%A Pujan Joshi
%A Dong-Guk Shin
%A Dashzeveg Bayarsaihan
%J PLOS ONE
%D 2012
%I Public Library of Science (PLoS)
%R 10.1371/journal.pone.0044443
%X GTF2I and GTF2IRD1 encode a family of closely related transcription factors TFII-I and BEN critical in embryonic development. Both genes are deleted in Williams-Beuren syndrome, a complex genetic disorder associated with neurocognitive, craniofacial, dental and skeletal abnormalities. Although genome-wide promoter analysis has revealed the existence of multiple TFII-I binding sites in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), there was no correlation between TFII-I occupancy and gene expression. Surprisingly, TFII-I recognizes the promoter sequences enriched for H3K4me3/K27me3 bivalent domain, an epigenetic signature of developmentally important genes. Moreover, we discovered significant differences in the association between TFII-I and BEN with the cis-regulatory elements in ESCs and embryonic craniofacial tissues. Our data indicate that in embryonic tissues BEN, but not the highly homologous TFII-I, is primarily recruited to target gene promoters. We propose a ˇ°feed-forward modelˇ± of gene regulation to explain the specificity of promoter recognition by TFII-I factors in eukaryotic cells.
%U http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0044443