%0 Journal Article
%T Prevalence of Circadian Blood Pressure Patterns and Factors Associated with Non-Dipping among Black Patients with Untreated and Treated Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
%A T. S. Mvunzi
%A Y. Lubenga
%A F. B. Lepira
%A J. R. Makulo
%A A. Nkodila
%A D. K. Kuntonda
%A Y. Samafundu
%A Y. M. Nlandu
%A Y. M. Engole
%A B. P. Kianu
%A F. Kintoki
%A D. Mupepe
%A N. Buila
%A R. M. Kongo
%A E. V. Kintoki
%J World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases
%P 399-412
%@ 2164-5337
%D 2017
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/wjcd.2017.711038
%X Objective: To determine the prevalence of circadian BP patterns and to assess factors associated with the non-dipping pattern in untreated and treated hypertensive patients, studied separately. Methods: Clinical data and ABPM were obtained from 52 untreated and 168 treated hypertensive patients referred for ABPM to Monkole Hospital in Kinshasa. Twenty-four ABPM was performed using an oscillometric device. Non-dipping pattern encompasses non-dipping (nocturnal systolic BP dip less than 10% of daytime systolic BP) and reverse dipping (mean night SBP higher than the day SBP). Results: the prevalence of non-dipping pattern was 75% (63.5% non-dipping and 11.5% reverse dipping) and 70% (60.1% non-dipping and 10.1% reverse dipping) in untreated and treated hypertensive patients, respectively. Advanced age (adjusted OR 1.80; 95%CI 1.96 - 3.38; p = 0.015), female sex (adjusted OR 2.28; 95%CI 1.19 - 4.36; p = 0.013), diabetes (adjusted OR 5.06; 95%CI 1.38 - 6.95; p = 0.014), reduced kidney function (adjusted OR 3.10; 95%CI 1.50 - 6.43; p = 0.018), inflammation (adjusted OR 2.65; 95%CI 1.76 - 6.48; p = 0.031), LVH (adjusted OR 4.45; 95%CI 1.78 - 7.67;