%0 Journal Article
%T Modeling of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide-Hexamine-Hydroquinone Gel System Used for Profile Modification Jobs in the Oil Field
%A Upendra Singh Yadav
%A Vikas Mahto
%J Journal of Petroleum Engineering
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/709248
%X The cross-linked polymer gel systems are being used increasingly to redirect or modify reservoir fluid movement in the vicinity of injection wells for the purpose of permeability/profile modification job in the oil field due to their high temperature stability and capability to provide rigid gel having high mechanical strength. In this study, a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide-hexamine-hydroquinonegel is used for the development of polymer gel system. The experimental investigation demonstrates that the gelation time varies with polymer and crosslinker concentration and the temperature. The mathematical model is developed with the help of gelation kinetics of polymer gel and using Arrhenius equation, which relates the gelation time with polymer, crosslinker concentrations, and temperature. The developed model is solved with the help of multivariate regression method. It is observed in this study that the theoretical values of gelation time have good agreement with the experimental values. 1. Introduction The reservoir heterogeneity, permeability variations, and presence of fractures and fracture network in the reservoir are the main hurdles of the water flooding operations used to enhance the oil recovery from matured oil fields. Normally during water flooding, water sweeps through more permeable sections of the reservoir leaving back oil in low permeability channels leading to low oil recovery and early water breakthrough. This excessive water production from the producers leads to rise in handling and disposal costs and reduces the economic life of the well. The polymer gels block or reduce the permeability in high permeability channels and divert the injected water through the low permeability sections, which were not flooded or swept earlier, leading to improvement in oil recovery. This technique is known as profile modification or permeability modification technique and the proper application of this technique is essential for the success of water flooding projects in the oil fields [1¨C3]. Basically two types of polymers have been used for profile modification jobs. These are polyacrylamides with different degrees of hydrolysis and polysaccharide such as xanthan biopolymer. These are cross linked with inorganic and organic crosslinkers to produce a three-dimensional polymer structure of the gel [4¨C7]. The inorganic gel system based on the crosslinking of the carboxylate groups on the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide chain (PHPA) with a trivalent cation like Cr (III). This crosslinking is believed to rely on coordination covalent bonding. It
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jpe/2013/709248/