%0 Journal Article
%T Adsorption Kinetics of Carbamate Pesticide in Rice Field Soil
%A Soontree Khuntong
%J EnvironmentAsia
%D 2010
%I Thai Society of Higher Eduction Institutes on Environment
%X Ultrasonic extraction (75.55%) with petroleum ether:acetone (1:1, v/v) was employed for extraction of carbofuran in rice field soil. The amounts of carbofuran were determined by reverse phase HPLC. The analytical method provided high precision and accuracy with the relative error of 0.47%. The percentage of recoveries varied from 84% to 77% in the con centration ranges of 10¨C40 mg/L of spiked soil samples. The carbofuran residues in the rice field soil significantly decreased year by year because of pesticide properties, soil properties and degradation conditions. A high amount of residues was found in the plots that contained high organic contents. The adsorption of carbofuran in soil reached equilibrium within 23 h. The percentage of adsorption varied from almost 30% to 80% depending on concentrations of carbofuran. The adsorption of carbofuran agreed with Freundlich isotherms; q = 7.07 x 10-5Cf2.5092; with the correlation coefficient of 0.9281. Organic carbon coefficient, Koc, was 1.91 x 10-3 mg/L calculated from Kd, and half-life (8.9 d) of adsorbed carbofuran. The GUS index (6.37) calculated from Koc presented a high lixiviation potential. The positive ¦¤G indicated the non-spontaneous reaction. Carbofuran rapidly desorbed from soil at the desorption rate of 0.0228 mg/kg soil d. Kinetic studies provided the first order reaction with the reaction rate of 0.0779 mg/d and half-life of 8.9 days.
%K carbofuran
%K rice field
%K solvent extraction
%K soil contamination
%K pesticide adsorption
%K adsorption kinetics
%K desorption
%U http://www.tshe.org/ea/pdf/vol3%20no2%20p20-28.pdf