%0 Journal Article
%T Les repr¨¦sentations iconographiques de l¡¯attentat politique au XIXe si¨¨cle Political attacks images in the 19th Century. Issues and uses of political violence representations
%A Karine Salom¨¦
%J La R¨¦volution Fran£¿aise : Cahiers de l¡¯Institut d¡¯Histoire de la R¨¦volution Fran£¿aise
%D 2012
%I Institut d'Histoire de la R¨¦volution Fran?aise
%X La France du XIXe si¨¨cle est marqu¨¦e par de nombreux attentats qui visent le chef de l¡¯Etat, mais aussi, dans les ann¨¦es 1880-1890, les repr¨¦sentants de l¡¯ordre politique, ¨¦conomique, judiciaire et social. Aux c t¨¦s des pistolets et des poignards, les machines infernales et les bombes constituent d¨¦sormais des outils privil¨¦gi¨¦s. Ces engins mettent en ¨¦vidence la dimension d¨¦stabilisatrice, intimidatrice, voire terroriste des attentats. Or l¡¯iconographie s¡¯empare de cette violence ¨¤ bien des ¨¦gards spectaculaire. Les gravures, les tableaux, les illustrations de la presse p¨¦riodique tentent de restituer l¡¯irruption soudaine de la brutalit¨¦ dans l¡¯espace public et proposent une sc¨¦nographie de l¡¯attentat. Utilis¨¦es, instrumentalis¨¦es par le pouvoir en place, les repr¨¦sentations iconographiques permettent aux r¨¦gimes des deux premiers tiers du si¨¨cle de promouvoir leur l¨¦gitimit¨¦ et d¡¯asseoir leur autorit¨¦. Elles mettent ¨¦galement en ¨¦vidence la violence de l¡¯attentat dont elles exag¨¨rent souvent l¡¯ampleur et les effets. M¨ºme si elles peinent ¨¤ en saisir le sens, elles tendent ¨¤ faire de l¡¯attentat un mode op¨¦ratoire singulier. In the 19th century, France was marked by numerous attempts on the Head of State, but also, from 1880 to 1890, on representatives of the political, economic, judiciary and social order.Together with pistols and daggers, infernal machines and bombs henceforth became the attackers¡¯ favorite tools. Such machines highlighted the destabilizing, intimidating or even terrorist dimension of the attempts. Thus the iconography of the period seized this form of violence which was spectacular in many respects. The engravings, paintings, and illustrations published in the periodic press tried to reproduce the sudden appearance of brutality in the public place and set up a scenography of the attacks. The iconographic representations were used and exploited by the ruling power and enabled regimes to promote their legitimacy and establish their authority during the first two thirds of the century. They stressed the violence of the events while often exaggerating their scale and consequences. Even if they found it difficult to grasp the meaning of the attempts, the representations tended to turn them into a peculiar operating procedure.
%K repr¨¦sentations
%K attentat
%K violence politique
%K ¨¦motion
%K iconographie
%K political attack
%K political violence
%K iconography
%U http://lrf.revues.org/402