%0 Journal Article
%T Impacto del tr¨¢fico de equipos durante la cosecha de ca a de az¨²car (Saccharum officinarum) Impact of traffic equipment during sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) harvest
%A Lu¨ªs A. Rodr¨ªguez
%A Jhon J. Valencia
%J Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agr¨ªcola e Ambiental
%D 2012
%I Departamento de Engenharia Agr¨ªcola - UFCG
%R 10.1590/s1415-43662012001000014
%X Para determinar el impacto del tr¨¢fico sobre el suelo, el cultivo y el consumo energ¨¦tico durante la cosecha de ca a de az¨²car en el valle del r¨ªo Cauca (Colombia), se establecieron experimentos de cuatro repeticiones con diferentes sistemas de cosecha. En cada sitio se cosecharon mec¨¢nicamente parcelas con vagones de auto volteo, HD8000, HD12000 y HD20000, se evaluaron por la intensidad de tr¨¢fico (IT), el pisoteo directo sobre la cepa, la resistencia a la penetraci¨®n y el consumo energ¨¦tico. Vagones grandes y pesados causaron mayor IT y mayor efecto por compactaci¨®n y pisoteo. La IT vari¨® entre 241 y 317 Mg km ha-1. El pisoteo en la cabecera vari¨® de 8 a 18 m por surco y sobre la cepa los vagones pisaron entre 5 y 24% de su ancho. Hubo diferencias no significativas en productividad hasta de 13,9% favorable a los vagones livianos. En cosecha semimec¨¢nica, realizada con trenes de vagones, disminuy¨® la IT al rango 60-113 Mg km ha-1; pero aument¨® el pisoteo en las cabeceras hasta 39 m por surco, hubo diferencias no significativas en productividad hasta del 4% entre sistemas de vagones livianos y pesados. Adem¨¢s, los vagones livianos con manejo adecuado de la cosecha, llegan a ser favorables por menor consumo de combustible y emisiones. This study was carried out to determine the impact of traffic on soil compaction, crop and energy consumption during the sugarcane harvest in the Cauca river valley (Colombia). Four experiments with four replicates were harvested with different systems. Plots were mechanically harvested with self tipping, HD8000, HD12000 and HD20000 trailers and evaluated by traffic intensity (IT), direct stool traffic, penetration resistance and fuel consumption. Heavy trailers caused a greater effect due to a greater IT and direct stool traffic. IT varied between 241 and 317 Mg km ha-1. Stool traffic at the end of field varied from 8 to 18 m per furrow, meanwhile stool traffic along the furrow varied from 5 to 24%. There were no significant differences for productivity up to 13.9% favoring light trailers. Semi-mechanical harvesting was realized with trains of trailers, IT fell down to a 60 - 113 Mg km ha-1 range because a larger area is harvested during one pass of the equipment, but stool traffic increased up to 39 m per furrow for the longer trains, there was a 4% non significant difference for productivity from light to heavy trailers. Furthermore, light trailers with an adequate management are better options with lower energy consumption and emissions.
%K intensidad de tr¨¢fico
%K pisoteo
%K vag¨®n
%K consumo de combustible
%K traffic intensity
%K stool traffic
%K trailer
%K fuel consumption
%U http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662012001000014