%0 Journal Article
%T Discriminators of mouse bladder response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)
%A Marcia R Saban
%A Cindy Simpson
%A Carole Davis
%A Gemma Wallis
%A Nicholas Knowlton
%A Mark Frank
%A Michael Centola
%A Randle M Gallucci
%A Ricardo Saban
%J BMC Immunology
%D 2007
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1471-2172-8-6
%X C57BL/6 female mice received four weekly instillations of BCG, LPS, or TNF-¦Á. Morphometric analyses were conducted in bladders isolated from all groups and urine was collected for multiplex analysis of 18 cytokines. In addition, chromatin immune precipitation combined with real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (CHIP/Q-PCR) was used to test whether intravesical BCG would alter bladder cytokine gene expression.Acute BCG instillation induced edema which was progressively replaced by an inflammatory infiltrate, composed primarily of neutrophils, in response to weekly administrations. Our morphological analysis suggests that these polymorphonuclear neutrophils are of prime importance for the bladder responses to BCG. Overall, the inflammation induced by BCG was higher than LPS or TNF-¦Á treatment but the major difference observed was the unique granuloma formation in response to BCG. Among the cytokines measured, this study highlighted the importance of IL-1¦Â, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, GM-CSF, KC, and Rantes as discriminators between generalized inflammation and BCG-specific inflammatory responses. CHIP/Q-PCR indicates that acute BCG instillation induced an up-regulation of IL-17A, IL-17B, and IL-17RA, whereas chronic BCG induced IL-17B, IL-17RA, and IL-17RB.To the best of our knowledge, the present work is the first to report that BCG induces an increase in the IL-17 family genes. In addition, BCG induces a unique type of persisting bladder inflammation different from TNF-¦Á, LPS, and, most likely, other classical pro-inflammatory stimuli.Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been presented as a promising option for treatment of interstitial cystitis [1]. However, intravesical BCG is best known as the most effective agent for the treatment of high-grade superficial bladder cancer [2-4]. In this context, BCG is used to reduce both the recurrence rate of bladder tumor and to diminish the risk of its progression [2,3]. As an adjunct to transurethral
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/8/6