%0 Journal Article
%T Dietary antioxidants protect gut epithelial cells from oxidant-induced apoptosis
%A Mark JS Miller
%A Fausto M Angeles
%A Brian K Reuter
%A Paul Bobrowski
%A Manuel Sandoval
%J BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
%D 2001
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1472-6882-1-11
%X Cultured human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) or murine small intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-18) were exposed to oxidants ¨C DPPH (3 ¦ÌM), H2O2 (50 ¦ÌM), peroxynitrite (300 ¦ÌM) ¨C followed by incubation for 24 hours, with antioxidants (10 ¦Ìg/ml) administered as a 1 hour pretreatment. Cell number (MTT assay) and death via apoptosis or necrosis (ELISA, LDH release) was determined. The direct interactions between antioxidants and DPPH (100 ¦ÌM) or H2O2 (50 ¦ÌM) were evaluated by spectroscopy.The decoctions did not interact with H2O2, but quenched DPPH although less effectively than vitamin C. In contrast, vitamin C was significantly less effective in protecting human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) from apoptosis induced by DPPH, peroxynitrite and H2O2 (P < 0.001). Green tea and cat's claw were equally protective against peroxynitrite and H2O2, but green tea was more effective than cat's claw in reducing DPPH-induced apoptosis (P < 0.01). Necrotic cell death was marginally evident at these low concentrations of peroxynitrite and H2O2, and was attenuated both by cat's claw and green tea (P < 0.01). In IEC-18 cells, all antioxidants were equally effective as anti-apoptotic agents.These results indicate that dietary antioxidants can limit epithelial cell death in response to oxidant stress. In the case of green tea and cat's claw, the cytoprotective response exceed their inherent ability to interact with the injurious oxidant, suggestive of actions on intracellular pathways regulating cell death.Epithelial apoptosis in the gastro-intestinal tract is normally restricted to superficial cells but in pathological states of inflammation or infection, apoptotic cell death can be far more expansive. Under these conditions apoptosis may result from the production of cytokines [1], cell activation [2-4], infective agents [5] and adverse responses to pharmaceuticals [6,7]. Depending on the agonist or eliciting milieu, apoptotic cell death is accompanied by the activation of various cell
%U http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/1/11