%0 Journal Article
%T Effectiveness of programmes as part of primary prevention demonstrated on the example of cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome
%A Korczak
%A Dieter
%A Dietl
%A Markus
%A Steinhauser
%A Gerlinde
%J GMS Health Technology Assessment
%D 2011
%I German Medical Science, D¨ısseldorf
%X Background: The HTA-report (HTA = Health Technology Assessment) deals with the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. In 2009 approximately 356,000 people died in Germany due to cardiovascular diseases. According to estimations about 6.3 million people are suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2. The interventions that are subsidized by the public health insurance are mainly focused on sufficient physical activities, healthy nutrition, stress management and the reduction of the consumption of addictive drugs and luxury food. Objectives: Which lifestyle-related measures and/or programmes for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and of the metabolic syndrome are effective? To what extent will the health status be improved by these offers? To what extent will existing health resources and skills be strengthened by these offers? Are there any differences regarding the effectiveness among the interventions with respect to different settings or subgroups? Which lifestyle-related interventions and/or programmes for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and of the metabolic syndrome are sustainable and cost-effective? Which outcome parameters are in the view of the contributors decisive for the evaluation of the effectiveness? In the view of the contributor are there different values between the outcome parameters? In the view of the payers and other actors are there different values between the outcome parameters? Which ethical and juridical factors have to be considered? Which social and/or socio-economic parameters influence the use of the services and effectiveness? Methods: A systematic literature research is done in 35 databases. For the period 2005 to 2010, reviews, epidemiological and clinical studies as well as economical evaluations which deal with primary prevention programmes regarding cardiovascular diseases or the metabolic syndrome are included. Results: 44 publications meet the inclusion criteria. These studies confirm the effectiveness of the primary prevention programmes. Physical activity programs seem to have a stronger effect than nutrition programmes. Psychological programmes prove as well effectiveness, if they include cognitive behaviour therapy. The identified economical studies indicate that programmes for cardiovascular prevention can be conducted cost-effectively. Interventions that focus on the general population turn out to be particularly cost-effective and sustainable. Discussion: There is a wide range of primary preventive effective lifestyle-related interventions with high ev
%K accident
%K adiposity
%K apoplexia
%K apoplexy
%K behavior therapy
%K biomedical technology assessment
%K blinded
%K blinding
%K blood glucose
%K blood sugar
%K cardiovascular diseases
%K care
%K cerebrovascular accident
%K clinical trial
%K clinical trials as topic
%K controlled clinical trial
%K controlled clinical trials as topic
%K cost analysis
%K cost control
%K cost effectiveness
%K cost reduction
%K cost-cutting
%K cost-effectiveness
%K costs
%K costs and cost analysis
%K decision making
%K diabetes mellitus
%K EBM
%K economic
%U http://www.egms.de/en/journals/hta/2011-7/hta000093.shtml