The work shows that the associated Einstein-like gravity for the Klein-Gordon field shows the spontaneous emergence of the “cosmological” pressure tensor density (CPTD) that in the classical limit leads to the cosmological constant (CC). Even if the classical cosmological constant is set to zero, the model shows, that exists a residual theory-derived quantum CPTD. The work shows that the cosmological constant can be considered as a second order quantum-mechanical correction to the Newtonian gravity. The outputs of the theory show that the expectation value of the CPTD is independent by the zero-point vacuum energy density and that it takes contribution only from the space where the mass is localized (and the space-time is curvilinear) while tending to zero as the space-time approaches to the flat vacuum. A developed model of scalar matter universe shows an overall cosmological effect of the CPTD on the motion of the galaxies that agrees with the astronomical observations.
Cite this paper
Chiarelli, P. (2019). The Cosmological Constant: 2nd Order Quantum-Mechanical Correction to the Newton Gravity. Open Access Library Journal, 6, e5400. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1105400.
Barcelò, C., Liberatib, S., Sonegoc, S. and Visser, M. (2009) Revisiting the Semiclassical Gravity Scenario for Gravitational Collapse. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1122, 99. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3141347
Banerjee, R. and Majhi, B.R. (2009) Hawking Black Body Spectrum from Tunneling Mechanism. Physics Letters B, 675, 243-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.04.005
Corda, C. (2015) Quasi-Normal Modes: The “Elec-trons” of Black Holes as “Gravitational Atoms”? Implications for the Black Hole Information Puzzle. Advances in High Energy Physics, 2015, Article ID: 867601. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/867601
Einstein, A. (1931) Zum kosmolo-gischen Problem der allgemeinen Relativitats theorie. Sitzungsberichte der k?niglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissen-schaften, 142, 235-237.
Carroll, S.M., Press, W.H. and Turner, E.L. (1992) The Cosmological Constant. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 30, 499-542. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002435
Pakravan, J. and Takook, M.V. (2018) Thermody-namics of Nonlinearly Charged Black Holes in the Brans-Dicke Modified Gravity. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics, 12, 147-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40094-018-0293-0
Bohm, D. (1952) A Suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of “Hidden” Variables. I. Physical Review Journals Archive, 85, 166. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.85.166
Rugh, S.E. and Zinkernagel, H. (2000) The Quantum Vacuum and the Cosmological Constant Problem. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 33, 663-705.
Corda C. (2009) Interferometric Detection of Gravitational Waves: The Definitive Test for General Relativity. International Journal of Modern Physics D, 18, 2275-2282. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218271809015904