Exceptional solvent, water is the life-giving molecule on Earth: it covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface, accounts for 65% of a human and 90% of macromolecules present in biological systems. If the water did not exist, no chemical reactions, no transport of nutrients and waste, etc. would exist. In a word, without water, there would be no life. Within the range of envi-ronmental temperature and pressure, water is found in three conventional physical aggregation states plus one: solid (ice), liquid (liquid water), gas-eous (water vapor) and semi-crystalline (biological water). Most of the models proposed to explain the peculiar properties of water start from the study of an isolated water molecule, then extend its characteristics and behaviors to the water molecules bound to it. Each model aims to predict the behavior of water in its three conventional aggregation states and subsequently verify its compatibility with experimental chemical-physical properties. Problems arise when, through intermolecular electrostatic at-traction forces (short-range forces), a lot of water molecules are assembled to form the liquid phase together. None of the water models proposed to date, based on short-range forces, is able to describe satisfactorily the “abnormal” chemical-physical behavior of water. In the present work, it is presented the Quantum Electro Dynamics (QED) approach to water, introduced and developed, with the contribution of other physicists and researchers, by Giuliano Preparata and Emilio del Giudice, two Italian theoretical physicists and researchers of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), over the last thirty years.
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