Verifying the association between body image
dissatisfaction and goals to the physical activity practice. The sample
consisted of 299 goers of fitness center, of both genders, with ages between 16
and 50 years old. Information about gender, age, educational level,
socioeconomic level and goals for the physical activity practice were collected
using a previously tests questionnaire. Regarding the goals, the participants
should identify if the motivation for the practice was related to aspects
health, aesthetic or social relationships aspects, choosing yes or no. The body
image was determined using the set of silhouettes and to verifying the body
image dissatisfaction we considered the difference between the current
silhouette and the ideal silhouette pointed out by the individuals. Numerical
variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables
as absolute and relative frequency. Pearson’s chi-square test was used
to verify the associations among goals to the practice, gender, and age group.
Analysis of variance was used to verify the associations between the goals to
the practice and the body image dissatisfaction. There was a low statistically
significant correlation between body mass index and body image dissatisfaction
(rs0.29 - p < 0.001). The proportion of
women (69%) who practiced physical activity with aesthetics goals was higher
than that of men (31%). In addition, 92% of the sample showed body image
dissatisfaction. Regarding the goals
to the physical activity practice, men aimed more muscular body while the women
wished more lean body. Men and women have different perceptions regarding body
image.
Cite this paper
Cunha, C. B. V. D. , Klain, I. P. , Rombaldi, A. J. and Leitao, J. C. (2018). Association between Body Image Dissatisfaction and Goals for Physical Activity Practice in Fitness Center. Open Access Library Journal, 5, e4621. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104621.
Alvarenga, M.S., Philippi, S.T., Lourenco, B.H., et al. (2010) Dissatisfaction with Body Image in Brazilian University Students. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 59, 44-51.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852010000100007
Damasceno, V., Vianna, V.R.A., Vianna, J.M., Lacio, M., Lima, J.R.P. and Novaes, J.S. (2006) Body Image and Ideal Body. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, 14, 87-96.
McPherson, K.E. and Turnbull, J.D. (2005) Body Image Satisfaction in Scottish Man and Implications for Promoting Health Behaviors. International Journal of Mens Health, 4, 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3149/jmh.0401.3
Santos, J.F.S., Oliveira, P., Campos, A.A., Pereira, E.O. and Sousa, E.A. (2014) Relationship between Body Dissatisfaction and Physical Activity in Adolescents from the Urban Area of Irati-PR. Journal of Physical Education/UEM, 25, 193-201.
Markey, C. and Markey, P. (2005) Relations between Body Image and Dieting Behaviors: An Examination of Gender Differences. Sex Roles, 53, 519-530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-7139-3
Tessmer, C.S., Silva, M.C., Pinho, M.N., Gazalle, F.K. and Fassa, A.G. (2006) Body Dissatisfaction in Gym Goers. Brazilian Journal of Science and Movement, 14, 7-12.
Costa, S., Guidoto, E., Camargo, T.D., Uzunian, L. and Viebig, R. (2007) Disorders of Body Image and Eating Disorders in Athletes and Physical Activity Practitioners. Reading, Physical Education and Sports, Digital Magazine, 12, 114.
Shih, M.Y. and Kubo, C. (2005) Body Shape Preference and Body Satisfaction of Taiwanese and Japanese Female College Students. Psychiatry Research, 133, 263-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2004.10.008
Smith, C. (2004) Women, Weight, and Body Image. In: Chrisler, J., Golden, C. and Rozee, P., Eds., Lectures on the Psychology of Women, McGraw-Hills, New York, 76-93.
Silva, T.R. and Saenger, G. (2011) Factors Associated with Body Image in Physical Education Students. Motriz: Revista de Educacao Física, 17, 630-639.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742011000400007
Bosi, M.L.M., Luiz, R.R., Uchimura, K.Y. and Oliveira F.P. (2008) Eating Behavior and Body Image among Physical Education Students. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 57, 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852008000100006
Kakeshita, I.S. and Almeida, S.S. (2006) Relationship between Body Mass Index and the Perception of Self-Image in University Students. Revista de Saúde Pública, 40, No. 3.
Russel, K. (2004) On Versus off the Pitch: The Transiency of Body Satisfaction among Female Rugby Players Cricketers and Netballers. Sex Roles, 51, 561-574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-004-5466-4
Zequinao, M.A., Felizola, F.L.V., Ceola, E.P.A. and Matos, P.H. (2011) Perception and Body Satisfaction in Relation to Physical Exercise. Brazilian Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 16, 95-99.
Simoes, C.S.M., Samulski, D.M., Simim, M. and Santiago, M.L.M. (2011) Analysis of the Quality of Life of Teachers and Students of Bodybuilding: A Comparative Study. Brazilian Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 16, 107-112.
Monteiro, C.A., Conde, W.L., Matsudo, S.M., et al. (2003) A Descriptive Epidemiology of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Brazil, 1996-1997. Pan American Journal of Public Health, 4, 246-254. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1020-49892003000900005
Damasceno, V.O., Lima, J.R.P., Vianna, J.M., Vianna, V.R.A. and Novaes, J.S. (2005) Ideal Physical Type for Hikers. The Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 11, 181-186. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922005000300006
Telles, S. and Moreira, E.H. (2006) School Physical Education in the Adoption of an Active Lifestyle. Fluminense Meeting of Physical School Education. Leisure and Physical School Education. Niterói.
Tahara, A.K., Schwartz, G.M. and Silva, K.A. (2003) Adherence and Maintenance of the Practice of Exercises in Fitness Centers. Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento, 11, 7-12.
Lopes, V.M.B.S. and Chiapeta, S.M.S.V. (2010) Reasons for Adherence and Maintenance of Regular Physical Activity in Fitness Centers in the City of Ubá, MG.
Balbinotti, M.A.A. and Capozzoli, C.J. (2008) Motivation to the Regular Practice of Physical Activity: An Exploratory Study with Practitioners in Gymnastics. Revista Brasileira de Educacao Física, 22, 63-80.
Santos, S.C. and Knijnik, J.D. (2006) Reasons for Adherence to Physical Activity in Middle Adult Life I. Mackenzie Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 5, 23-34.
