Spacetime Structures in a Causal Model of Quantum Theory

The enterprise to construct a local causal model of quantum theory (QT), including quantum field theory (QFT), resulted in the identification of “quantum objects” as the elementary units of causality and locality. Quantum objects are collections of particles (including single particles) whose collective dynamics and measurement results can only be described by the laws of QT/ QFT. Quantum objects run autonomously with system state update frequency based on their local proper time and with no or minimal dependency on external parameters. The autonomy of quantum objects necessitates well-defined causal interrelationships between quantum objects and spacetime: 1) Quantum objects are embedded in space and move within space. 2) In the proposed causal model, the dynamics of space is triggered by the dynamics of the quantum objects. The causal model of QT/QFT assumes discretized spacetime similar to the spacetime of causal dynamical triangulation.