全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

A Research for Determining Psychosocial Risk Factors among Health Employees

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1103149, PP. 1-14

Subject Areas: Health Policy

Keywords: Health Employees, Risk, Psychosocial Factors, Burnout, Mobbing, Stress, Violence

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract

This descriptive study aims to determine the psychosocial risk factors among health employees. The research was conducted in a public hospital in Turkey between August 2015 and September 2015. Checklists were taken from ‘‘Occupational Health and Safety Risks in the Healthcare Sector’’, published under European Community Programme for Employment and Social Solidarity. Cronbach’s alpha value was found as 0.71 for checklist with 90 items. All analyses were performed with version 18 of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The data were expressed as percent, ± standard deviation and mean. Participants were mostly nurses (85.2%), 59.1% was graduate degree, and 43.5% was working for less than 5 years. The study demonstrates that risk factors associated with burnout are at ‘‘high level’’ among 66.1% of health employees and risk factors related to mobbing are at ‘‘high level’’ among 42.6% of health employees who work in hospital. Health employees have increased levels of risk in stress and violence (76.5%). In addition, the study shows that risk factors related to burnout are at ‘‘high level’’ among 75% of physician and risk factors about stress are at ‘‘high level’’ among 25% of them, and 83.3% of physicians have ‘‘increased risk’’ about mobbing and violence.

Cite this paper

Kirilmaz, H. and Santas, G. (2016). A Research for Determining Psychosocial Risk Factors among Health Employees. Open Access Library Journal, 3, e3149. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103149.

References

[1]  Gunusen, N.P. and Ustun, B. (2010) A RCT of Coping and Support Groups to Reduce Burnout among Nurses. International Nursing Review, 57, 485-492.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2010.00808.x
[2]  Tinaz, P. (2011) Mobbing in the Workplace. Beta Publications, Istanbul.
[3]  Cobanoglu, S. (2005) Mobbing: Emotional Attack and Control Methods in the Workplace. Timas Publications, Istanbul.
[4]  European Community Programme for Employment and Social Solidarity (2011) Occupational Health and Safety Risks in the Healthcare Sector.
http://www.eurogip.fr/en/projects/eu-official-documents-eurogip/
3499-occupational-health-and-safety-risks-in-the-healthcare-sector

[5]  Turac, I.S. and Sahin, B. (2014) Determining the State of Being Subject to Mobbing: A Study on Nurses. Eskisehir Osmangazi University Journal of Social Sciences, 15, 87-112.
[6]  Kebapci, A. and Akyolcu, N. (2011) The Effects of the Work Environment on Nurse Burnout in Emergency Department. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 11, 59-67.
https://doi.org/10.5505/1304.7361.2011.43827
[7]  Tan, M., Polat, H. and Akgün Sahin, Z. (2012) Assessing Perception of Nurses Regarding Work Environments. Journal of Performance and Quality in Health, 4, 67-78.
[8]  ILO (2009) ILO Standards on Occupational Safety and Health: Promoting a Safe and Healthy Working Environment. International Labor Office, Geneva.
[9]  Karwowski, W., Jang, R.L., Rodrick, D., Quesada, P.M. and Cronin, S.H. (2005) Self-Eva- luation of Biomechanical Task Dementia, Work Environment and Perceived Risk of Injury by Nurses: A Field Study. Occupational Ergonomics, 5, 13-27.
[10]  Parlar, S. (2008) A Problem That Is Not Considering in Health Workers: Healthy Work Environment. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 7, 547-554.
[11]  Mollaoglu, M., Kars Fertelli, T. and Ozkan Tuncay, F. (2010) Assessment of Perception Relating Work Environment of Nurses Working in Hospital. Firat University Journal of Health Care Services, 15, 17-30.
[12]  Alcelik, A., Deniz, F., Yesildal, N., Mayda, A.S. and Ayakta Serifi, B. (2005) Health Survey and Life Habits of Nurses Who Work at the Medical Faculty Hospital at AIBU. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 4, 55-65.
[13]  Uye, C. (2009) Defining the Situation of Mobbing Experience among the Nurses by Their Managers. Master’s Thesis, Halic University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Istanbul.
[14]  Randle, J. (2003) Bullying in the Nursing Profession. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 43, 395- 401.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02728.x
[15]  Sengül, C. and Herken, H. (2009) From Genetics to Epigenetics: Alcohol Addiction. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 10, 239-245.
[16]  Isikli, S. and Irak, M. (2002) Drug Use and Addiction Research in Turkey: Drug Use Macro Scale Survey in 2002. Turkish Psychological Association, Ankara.
[17]  Ozgur Ilhan, I, Demirbas, H. and Dogan, Y.B. (2005) A Study on Alcohol Use among Working Youth Who Are Continuing Apprenticeship Training. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 237-244.
[18]  Anderson, J.L. (1994) Treatment Considerations for the Addicted Nurse. Behavioral Health Management, 14, 22-26.
[19]  Griffith, J. (1999) Substance Abuse Disorders in Nurses. Nursing Forum, 34, 19-28.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6198.1999.tb01167.x
[20]  Akvardar, Y., Turkan A. and Cakmak, D. (2002) Is Substance Abuse among Physicians a Problem? Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 13, 238-244.
[21]  Yargic, I. (2009) Addiction Problems and Solutions in Health Care Workers. Journal of Clinical Development, 22, 84-87.
[22]  Monroe, T.B., Kenaga, H., Dietrich, M.S., Carter, M.A. and Cowan, R.L. (2013) The Prevalence of Employed Nurses Identified or Enrolled in Substance Use Monitoring Programs. Nursing Research, 62, 10-15.
https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e31826ba3ca
[23]  Bekar, O.E. (2014) Nurses with Addictive Substance Abuse and Nursing Management Approach: A Literature Review. Journal of Health and Nursing Management, 1, 43-47.
[24]  Kose Baloglu, M. (2001) Usage of Psychoactive Drugs among Nurses Working in Hospitals in the Center of Denizli. Master’s Thesis, Pamukkale University, Institute of Medical Sci- ences, Denizli.
[25]  Selye, H. (1956) The Stress of Life. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
[26]  Baltas, A. and Baltas, Z. (2004) Stress and Coping Ways. Remzi Publications, Istanbul.
[27]  Balci, A. (2000) Job Stress of Instructors: Theory and Practice. Nobel Publications, Ankara.
[28]  Karabulut, S. (1996) Three Dimensions in Management. Research Coordination Center, Istanbul.
[29]  Eren, E. (2004) Organizational Behavior and Psychology of Management. Beta Publications, Istanbul.
[30]  Isikhan, V. (2004) Stress in Working Life and Coping Ways. Sandal Publications, Ankara.
[31]  Leong, C.S., Furnham, A. and Cooper, C.L. (1996) The Moderating Effect of Organizational Commitment on the Occupational Stress Outcome Relationship. Human Relations, 49, 1345-1363.
https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679604901004
[32]  Gok, I. (2009) An Important Problem of Work Life: Organizational Stress. Marmara University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 27, 429-448.
[33]  Duymaz, E.K. (1999) Managerial Stress Scale Reliability and Validity Study on Manager Nurses. Master’s Thesis, Ege University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Izmir.
[34]  Ozdevecioglu, M. (2004) Effects on Professional Stress of Social Support and Life Satisfaction. Hacettepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 22, 209-233.
[35]  Raitano, R.E. and Kleiner, B.H. (2004) Stress Management: Stressors, Diagnosis and Preventative Measures. Management Research News, 27, 32-38.
https://doi.org/10.1108/01409170410784446
[36]  Genc, N. (2004) Management and Organization. Seckin Publishing, Ankara.
[37]  Bakan, I. and Büyükbese, T. (2004) The Relationship of Employees Occupational Safety and General Business Conduct: A Case Study. Erciyes University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 23, 35-59.
[38]  Ergeneli, A. and Eryigit, M. (2001) Job Satisfaction of Instructor: Comparison of State and Private Universities in Ankara. Hacettepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 19, 159-178.
[39]  Avsaroglu, S., Deniz, M.E. and Kahraman, A. (2005) The Investigation of Life Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction and Professional Burnout Levels in Technical Teachers. Selcuk University the Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 14, 115-129.
[40]  Barutcugil, I. (2005) Strategic Human Resource Management. Kariyer Press, Istanbul.
[41]  Aksu, G., Acuner, A. and Tabak, R. (2002) A Study on Job Satisfaction of Managers in the Central and Provincial Organizations of the Ministry of Health (Ankara Example). Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, 55, 271-282.
[42]  Aktug, I.Y., Susur, A., Keskin, S., Balci, Y. and Seber, G. (2006) Burnout Levels of Physicians in Osmangazi University School of Medicine. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine, 28, 91- 101.
[43]  Aslan, H., Aslan, O., Kesepara, C., Alparslan, N. and Unal, M. (1997) Work Related Tension, Exhaustion and Job Satisfaction at Health Personnel in Kocaeli. Community and Physician, 12, 24-29.
[44]  Ozkan, S. (2008) The Effect of Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity on Burnout Levels of Physicians and Nurses. Master’s Thesis, Hacettepe University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Ankara.
[45]  Sayil, I., Haran, S., Olmez, S. and Ozgüven, H.D. (1997) Burn-Out in Medical Doctors and Nurses of Ankara University Medical School. Journal of Crisis, 5, 71-77.
[46]  Sinat, O. (2007) A Research on the Burnout Level of the Nurses Working at Psychiatry Clinics. Master’s Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Istanbul.
[47]  Taze, S. (2008) Determining the Exhausted Level of the Nurses Working in Emergency and Intensive Care Unit. Master’s Thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Istanbul.
[48]  Tunc, T. (2009) The Relationship of Burnout with Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity in Physicians and Nurses: Sample of a University Hospital. Master’s Thesis, Sakarya University, Institute of Social Sciences, Sakarya.
[49]  Alacacioglu, A., Yavuzsen, T., Dirioz, M., Oztop, I. and Yilmaz, U. (2009) Burnout in Nurses and Physicians Working at an Oncology Department. Psycho-Oncology, 18, 543- 548. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1432
[50]  Bugdayci, R, Kurt, O., Sasmaz, T. and Oner, S. (2005) Depression Prevalence and Affecting Factors among General Practitioners and Specialists in Mersin Province. Health and Society, 15, 25-32.
[51]  Cimen, M. and Ergin, C. (2001) A Survey on Burnout Levels of Turkish Armed Forces Heath Personnel. Gülhane Medical Journal, 43, 169-176.
[52]  Oguzberk, M. and Aydin, A. (2008) Burnout in Mental Health Professionals. Clinical Psychiatry, 11, 167-179.
[53]  Arikan, F., Koksal, C.D. and Gokce, C. (2007) Work-Related Stress, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction of Dialysis Nurses in Association with Perceived Relations with Professional Contacts. Dialysis & Transplantation, 4, 1-7.
[54]  Ebrinc, S., Acikel, C., Basoglu, C., Cetin, M. and Celikoz, B. (2002) Anxiety, Depression, Job Satisfaction, Burnout and Coping with Stress in Nurses of a Burn Unit: A Comparative Study. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 3, 162-168.
[55]  Kalemoglu, M. and Keskin, O. (2006) Burnout Syndrome at the Emergency Service. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 14, 37-40.
[56]  Taycan, O., Kutlu, L., Cimen, S. and Aydin, N. (2006) Relation between Sociodemographic Characteristics Depression and Burnout Levels of Nurse Working in University Hospital. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 7, 100-108.
[57]  Ferrinho, P., Biscaia, A., Fronteira, I., Craveiro, I., Antunes, A.R., Conceicao, C., Flores, I. and Santos, O. (2003) Patterns of Perceptions of Workplace Violence in the Portuguese Health Care Sector. Human Resources for Health, 1, 11.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-1-11
[58]  Bjorkqvist, K. (2001) Social Defeat as a Stressor in Humans. Physiology & Behavior, 73, 435-442.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00490-5
[59]  Mayhew, C. and Chappell, D. (2001) Occupational Violence: Types, Reporting Patterns and Variations between Health Sectors: Taskforce on the Prevention and Management of Violence in the Workplace. Discussion Paper, No. 1, University of NSW, Sydney.
[60]  Rutherford, A. and Rissel, C. (2004) A Survey of Workplace Bullying in a Health Sector Organization. Australian Health Review, 28, 65-72.
https://doi.org/10.1071/AH040065
[61]  Cox, H.C. (1987) Verbal Abuse in Nursing: Report of a Study. Nursing Management, 18, 47-50.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00006247-198711000-00015
[62]  Dilman, T. (2007) Defining the Situation of Mobbing Experience among the Nurses Working in Private Hospitals. Master’s Thesis, Marmara Unversity, Institute of Medical Sciences, Istanbul.
[63]  Gecici, N.B. and Sagkal, T. (2011) A Survey about the State of Nurses Who Experienced Mobbing in Odemis. Maltepe University Journal of Nursing Science and Arts, 4, 53-62.
[64]  Yildirim, A. and Yildirim, D. (2007) Mobbing in the Workplace by Peers and Managers: Mobbing Experienced by Nurses Working in Health Care Facilities in Turkey and Its Effect on Nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16, 1444-1453.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01814.x
[65]  Okanli, A., Karakas, S.A. and Ozkan, H. (2011) The Relationship between Mobbing and Assertiveness in Nurses. HealthMED, 5, 609-615.
[66]  Nehir, S. (2003) The Determination of Work Related Stress Factors Ways of Coping Methods of Nurses Who Working in the Intensive Care Units of Ankara Hospitals. Master’s Thesis, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bolu.
[67]  Bartram, J., Joiner, T.A. and Stanton, P. (2004) Factors Affecting the Job Stress of Australian Nurses: Implications for Recruitment and Retention. Contemporary Nurse, 17, 293-304.
https://doi.org/10.5172/conu.17.3.293
[68]  Draper, J., et al. (2004) NHS Cadet Schemes: Student Experience, Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Job Stress. Nurse Education Today, 24, 219-228.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2003.12.008
[69]  Rodham, K. (2002) Work Stress: An Exploratory Study of the Practices and Perceptions of Female Junior Healthcare Managers. Journal of Nursing Management, 10, 5-11.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0966-0429.2001.00263.x
[70]  Isikhan, V., Comez, T. and Danis, M.Z. (2004) Job Stress and Coping Strategies in Health Care Professionals Working with Cancer Patients. European Journal Oncology Nursing, 8, 234-244.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2003.11.004
[71]  Devebakan, N. (2007) Occupational Health and Safety in Private Health Care Organizations. PhD Thesis, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Social Sciences, Izmir.
[72]  Erkol, H., Gokdogan, M.R., Erkol, Z. and Boz, B. (2007) Aggression and Violence towards Health Care Providers—A Problem in Turkey? Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 14, 423-428.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2007.03.004
[73]  Ayranci, U., Yenilmez, C., Balci, Y. and Kaptanoglu, C. (2006) Identification of Violence in Turkish Health Care Settings. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21, 276-296.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260505282565
[74]  Annagür, B. (2010) Violence towards Health Care Staff: Risk Factors, after Effects, Evaluation and Prevention. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 2, 161-173.
[75]  Arcak, R. and Kasimoglu, E. (2006) Roles on the Health Care and the Pleasement at Work of the Nurses Working at the Hospitals and the Health Centres in Diyarbakir City. Dicle Medical Journal, 33, 23-30.
[76]  Ozabaci, N. (1990) Investigation of Occupational Diseases and Causes among Nurses Working in Therapeutical Health Care Services. Master’s Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Istanbul.

Full-Text


comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133

WeChat 1538708413