The classical concept of
entropy is shown not to reflect the essence of the second law of thermodynamics
both phenomenologically and theoretically. A new concept of entropy Sn, is given, which offers a particular physical meaning of entropy and
provides an experimental determination of the entropy value. At the same time,
it is suggested not to define entropy but irreversibility——as the key
characteristic of thermodynamics second law for real processes. In addition,
this article demonstrates that it is wrong to mechanically transfer the
statistical concept and mathematical formula of the entropy to the field of
real systems. This approach has led to incorrect basis for a number of
theoretical sciences, which study both the phenomenon of life and the different
systems—automates, computers,
robots etc.—which model life’s
separate functions. This
allows one to avoid many attempts at defining the phenomenon of life via
entropy characteristics and give definitions of life and an elementary
structure of both life itself and devices that simulate life (automata,
computers, and robots). This, in turn, allows one to assign a substantive sense
to the mathematical character of corresponding sciences (information theory,
cybernetics, system theory, etc.) and define operational a single basic
concepts of information, knowledge, meaning, and control, as well as to
formulate operational concepts of order, organization, and self-organization
and implement a new approach to problems of biology, biophysics, information
theory, cybernetics, and system theory. Additionally, on the basis of
scientific facts the evolution of the universe is considered as an
implementation of the existing program, which allows a new approach to problems
of world outlook and science, on the one hand, and a more efficient approach to
the problem of genome decoding and to analysis of brain structure and its
functioning in the immediate scientific practice, on the other hand.
Cite this paper
Shterenberg, M. I. (2016). Chaos and Case or Implementation of the Program of Evolution of Space. Open Access Library Journal, 3, e3069. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103069.
Duckrock,
A. (1968)
Physics of Cybernetics. In: Berg, A.I. and Kolman, E.,
Eds., Sb. Kibernetika ozhidaemaya
i kibernetika neozhidannaya (Cybernetics Forthcoming and Cybernetics
Unforthcoming. Collection of Papers), Moscow, Nauka.
Bol’shakov, B.E. and Minin, V.V. (1993) Interconnection of the Second
Law of Thermodynamics, Principles of Stable Non-Equilibrium and Information. In:
Abramycheva, I.K. and Tsvetnitskaya, R.G., Eds., Ervin Bauer
i teo-reticheskaya biologiya (Ervin Bauer and Theoretical Biology),
Pushchino.
Shterenberg, M.I. (1999) The Essence of Life: The Physical,
of the System, and the Mystic. Automatic
Documentation and Mathematical Linguistics, 33, 19-24.
Shterenberg,
M.I. (2003)
Fizicheskaya sushchnost’ zhizni i nachala teorii organizovannykh sistem
(Physical Essence of Life and the Beginnings of the Theory of Organized
Systems).
Moscow, 164 p.
Kuznetsov,
P.G. (1965) To
the Theory of Application of Thermodynamics to Biology. In: Trincher, K.S., Ed., Biologiya i informatsiya (Biology and Information), Nauka, Moscow.
Haken, H. (2006)
Information and Self-Organization: A Macroscopic Approach to Complex Systems (Springer
Series in Synergetics). 3rd Edition,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Jahn, R.G. (1982)
The Persistent Paradox of Psychic Phenomena: An Engineering Perspective. Proceedings
of the IEEE, 70, 136-170.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1982.12260
Shterenberg, M.I. (2004) Vechnye voprosy” v svete nauki, filosofii
i religii (“Eternal Questions” in the Light of Science, Philosophy
and Religion).
Novyi Vek, Moscow.
Hoсking, S. (2008) Mir v orekhovoi skorlupke. Noveishie tainy Vselennoi v kratkom i krasochnom izlozhenii
(World in Walnut Shuck. The Newest Mysteries of Universe in Short and Colorful
Exposition), Amfora, St.
Petersburg.
Shterenberg, M.I. (2009) Bioevolyutsiya. Sintez nauchnykh i religioznykh predstavlenii o zhizni. Magic lantern, (Bioevolution.
Synthesis of Scientific and Religion Representations about Life), Volshebni
Fonar’, Moscow.
