The Differences of Characteristic, Management, Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes among Early and Late Onset Preeclampsia

Objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is still a problem in the field of obstetrics. This is due to the unclear etiology, morbidity and mortality are still high. Currently, there has been a change in the definition and understanding of Preeclampsiaa, Early Onset Preeclampsiaa (EOPE) and Late Onset Preeclampsiaa (LOPE). EOPE is a disorder accompanied by severe complications for both the mother and the perinatal due to placental factors, while LOPE is a disorder that is characterized by a mild complications in maternal from maternal disorders. This study aims to find differences in characteristics, management, maternal and perinatal outcomes to EOPE and LOPE. Methods: An analytic observational study was done with cross sectional design involving retrospective data 433 pregnant women with preeclampsia who delivered in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Data were taken from January 2013 to December 2014. It was noted the characteristics, management, maternal and perinatal outcomes. Data were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric test with significance p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that the incidence of EOPE (27.5%) was lower than LOPE (72.5%). Diastolic blood pressure is significantly higher in EOPE 109.71 ± 10.761 and 106.05 ± 8.871 compared to LOPE. The most spontaneous delivery is with EOPE labor (91.2%) while in LOPE delivery with using forceps (73.8%). Long of stay in EOPE at 5.59 ± 6.90 is longer than the LOPE at 5.32 ± 4.70. Complications in perinatal outcomes such as low birth weight (<2500 gram) are more in EOPE (97.5%) compared to LOPE (45.6%) and asphyxia is more on EOPE (11.7%) compared to LOPE (1.3%). Stillbirth in EOPE (16%) is more than LOPE group (2.8%). Conclusions: It is obtained that EOPE incidence rate is lower than LOPE. Mother and perinatal complications are greater in the EOPE group.