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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 73192 matches for " Su Wei Tan "
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Under-Treatment and Poorer Survival Outcomes in Elderly Breast Cancer Patients in Singapore: A Comparison with Younger Patients in a Tertiary Institution  [PDF]
Chi Wei Mok, Siew Kuan Lim, Su-Ming Tan
Journal of Cancer Therapy (JCT) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/jct.2018.95036
Abstract: Introduction: The numbers of elderly patients with breast cancers are increasing with an ageing population, yet clinical research on these patients is still lacking. This study aims to examine the differences between elderly patients and their younger counterparts, with a view to optimize management plans for the former. Methods: Patients ≥ 40 years old with histologically proven breast cancer between 1991 and 2008 were identified from our database, and grouped according to age for analyses: old elderly (≥75 years), young elderly (65 to 74 years) and young (40 to 64 years). Clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and survival rates were compared across the 3 groups. Results: There were 103 (11.53%) old elderly, 147 (16.5%) young elderly and 643 (72.0%) young patients. The 2 elderly groups presented at later stages, received less adjuvant or palliative chemotherapy (P < 0.001), and less adjuvant radiotherapy (P < 0.001), compared to the younger patients. Both breast cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in the old elderly (CSS: 64.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.4% - 73.8%), OS: 46.4% (95% CI: 35.6% - 56.4%)) and young elderly group (CSS: 82.4% (95% CI: 74.4% - 88.0%) OS: 78.6% (95% CI: 70.4% - 84.8%)) were lower than the young patient group (CSS: 84.9% (95% CI: 81.6% - 87.7%), OS: 83.4% (95% CI: 80.0% - 86.3%)) at 5 years. Conclusion: Our findings showed that clinicopathologic characteristics of elderly breast cancer patients differed from their younger counterparts. Poorer survival outcomes among our elderly patients may be the result of their under-treatment.
Fuzzy Weight Controller Based Cell-Site Diversity for Rain Fading Mitigation in Lmds Networks in the Tropics
Thennarasan Sabapathy;Su Wei Tan;Teong Chee Chuah
PIER B , 2011, DOI: 10.2528/PIERB10121004
Abstract: Local multipoint distribution service (LMDS) is a broadband wireless access technology that operates at microwave frequencies above 25 GHz. However, severe attenuation due to excessive rain in tropical regions presents a major challenge for achieving reliable communication over such frequencies. To overcome this problem, cell-site diversity (CSD) can be deployed in cellular-type LMDS networks. In this paper, we address the problem of reliable communication for LMDS networks in heavy rain regions by proposing a fuzzy weight controller based cell-site diversity (FWC-CSD) scheme. Rain cells are randomly simulated in an LMDS network to analyze the system performance using the proposed FWC-CSD scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme yields improved performance in terms of average outage probability and throughput while maintaining the overall quality of service.
Infrared Warming Reduced Winter Wheat Yields and Some Physiological Parameters, Which Were Mitigated by Irrigation and Worsened by Delayed Sowing
Shibo Fang, Hua Su, Wei Liu, Kaiyan Tan, Sanxue Ren
PLOS ONE , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067518
Abstract: Winter wheat has a central role in ensuring the food security and welfare of 1.3 billion people in China. Extensive previous studies have concluded that winter wheat yields would decrease with higher temperatures, owing to warming-induced soil drying or shortening of phenophase. Temperature in China is predicted to increase by 1–5°C by 2100, which may greatly impact plant production and cause other negative effects. We performed a manipulative field experiment, creating diverse growth regimes for wheat by infrared radiation (IR) warming day and night, including IR warming only (DW), IR warming + delayed sowing dates (DS), IR warming + increased irrigation (IW), and a control (CK). The results show that IR warming increased daily average wheat canopy and soil temperatures by 2.0°C and 2.3°C, respectively. DW was associated with an advanced maturity of 10 days and yield reduction of 8.2%. IR-warming effects on the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat varied with season as well as significant differences were found in the booting stage. DS represented a worsened situation, lowering yield per plant by 16.4%, with a significant decline in aboveground biomass and functional leaf area. Wheat under DS showed double-peak patterns of diurnal gas exchange during booting stages and, consequently, lower photosynthetic capacity with high transpiration for cooling. Significantly lower actual water use efficiency and intrinsic water use efficiency from jointing to anthesis stages were also found under DS. However, IW had no significant difference from CK, irrespective of yield and photosynthesis. Therefore, we concluded that delayed sowing date may not be a good choice for winter wheat, whereas a thoroughly-watered wheat agroecosystem should be promoted in the context of global warming.
Influence of Distal Resistance and Proximal Stiffness on Hemodynamics and RV Afterload in Progression and Treatments of Pulmonary Hypertension: A Computational Study with Validation Using Animal Models
Zhenbi Su,Wei Tan,Robin Shandas,Kendall S. Hunter
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine , 2013, DOI: 10.1155/2013/618326
Abstract: We develop a simple computational model based on measurements from a hypoxic neonatal calf model of pulmonary hypertension (PH) to investigate the interplay between vascular and ventricular measures in the setting of progressive PH. Model parameters were obtained directly from in vivo and ex vivo measurements of neonatal calves. Seventeen sets of model-predicted impedance and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) show good agreement with the animal measurements, thereby validating the model. Next, we considered a predictive model in which three parameters, PVR, elastic modulus (EM), and arterial thickness, were varied singly from one simulation to the next to study their individual roles in PH progression. Finally, we used the model to predict the individual impacts of clinical (vasodilatory) and theoretical (compliance increasing) PH treatments on improving pulmonary hemodynamics. Our model (1) displayed excellent patient-specific agreement with measured global pulmonary parameters; (2) quantified relationships between PVR and mean pressure and PVS and pulse pressure, as well as studiying the right ventricular (RV) afterload, which could be measured as a hydraulic load calculated from spectral analysis of pulmonary artery pressure and flow waves; (3) qualitatively confirmed the derangement of vascular wall shear stress in progressive PH; and (4) established that decreasing proximal vascular stiffness through a theoretical treatment of reversing proximal vascular remodeling could decrease RV afterload. 1. Introduction Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and sustained elevation of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), which together contribute to the right heart dysfunction. However, recent studies showed that mPAP apparently does not correlate with either the severity of symptoms or survival. Although many recent developments employing clinical and experimental measurements have investigated symptoms [1–4] to further elucidate the roles of pulmonary arterial mechanics and hemodynamics, the individual relative importance of the components of PVR, pulmonary vascular stiffness (PVS), geometry and cardiac function are unclear in disease progression. In addition, while current PH treatment focuses on distal vasodilation, it is unknown whether or not other treatment targets might beneficially impact right ventricular function, and as a result improve of PH treatment. Clinical and traditional scientific studies of PH focus on changes in the distal circulation. For example, the distal
Application of Particle Swarm Optimizer on Load Distribution for Hybrid Network Selection Scheme in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Yoke Chek Yee,Su Wei Tan,Heng Siong Lim,Su Fong Chien
ISRN Communications and Networking , 2012, DOI: 10.5402/2012/340720
Abstract:
Application of Particle Swarm Optimizer on Load Distribution for Hybrid Network Selection Scheme in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Yoke Chek Yee,Su Wei Tan,Heng Siong Lim,Su Fong Chien
ISRN Communications and Networking , 2012, DOI: 10.5402/2012/340720
Abstract: Mobile terminal with multiradios is getting common nowadays with the presence of heterogeneous wireless networks such as 3G, WiMAX, and WiFi. That Network selection mechanism plays an important role in ensuring mobile terminals are always connected to the most suitable network. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate the performance of load distribution model to facilitate better network selection. We focus on the optimization of network resource utilization using the particle swarm optimizer (PSO) with the objective to distribute the system load according to the various conditions of the heterogeneous networks in order to achieve minimum system cost. Simulation results showed that the proposed approach outperformed the conventional iterative algorithm by a cost improvement of 7.24% for network size of 1000 mobile terminals using 10 particles. 1. Introduction There has been a drastic and huge development in both mobile technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), and universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) which promise high mobility, wide coverage, but low bandwidth rate, as well as on other wireless technologies such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) which offer faster rates at lower cost but suffered from limited mobility and coverage. The different characteristics of these mobile/wireless technologies help compensating for coverage, mobility, bandwidth, and speed, and this helps meeting the requirements due to the increase of user demands in a complementary manner [1]. It is therefore believed that the future network infrastructure will consist of coverage overlapping of heterogeneous networks [2], where multiradios mobile devices could seamlessly and conveniently access to any network in a ubiquitous manner according to the concept of always best connected (ABC) [3]. The challenge to ubiquitous access to any network lies on an efficient and effective mobility management framework which initially focused on enabling seamless vertical handover across heterogeneous networks due to user mobility. Recently, vertical handover is also considered as proactive means to system performance improvement [4, 5]. Realizing a seamless and ubiquitous network access heavily depends on the second phase in vertical handover process called handover decision, which determines and selects one of the most optimal alternative networks to connect to. The selection of network is usually based on parameters such as signal strength, network conditions,
Derivation of Rhesus Monkey Parthenogenetic Embryonic Stem Cells and Its MicroRNA Signature
Qiang Wei, Zhenghua Sun, Xiechao He, Tao Tan, Bin Lu, Xiangyu Guo, Bing Su, Weizhi Ji
PLOS ONE , 2011, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025052
Abstract: Parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells are considered as a promising resource for regeneration medicine and powerful tools for developmental biology. A lot of studies have revealed that embryonic stem cells have distinct microRNA expression pattern and these microRNAs play important roles in self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. However, few studies concern about microRNA expression pattern in parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells, especially in non-human primate—the ideal model species for human, largely due to the limited rhesus monkey parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (rpESCs) available and lack of systematic analysis of the basics of rpESCs. Here, we derived two novel rpESCs lines and characterized their microRNA signature by Solexa deep sequencing. These two novel rpESCs shared many properties with other primate ESCs, including expression of pluripotent markers, capacity to generate derivatives representative of all three germ layers in vivo and in vitro, maintaining of euploid karyotype even after long culture. Additionally, lack of some paternally expressed imprinted genes and identity of Single-nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) compare to their oocyte donors support their parthenogenesis origin. By characterizing their microRNA signature, we identified 91 novel microRNAs, except those are also detected in other primate ESCs. Moreover, these two novel rpESCs display a unique microRNA signature, comparing to their biparental counterpart ESCs. Then we analyzed X chromosome status in these two novel rpESCs; results suggested that one of them possesses two active X chromosomes, the other possesses only one active X chromosome liking biparental female embryonic stem cells. Taken together, our novel rpESCs provide a new alternative to existing rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells, microRNA information expands rhesus monkey microRNA data and may help understanding microRNA roles in pluripotency and parthenogenesis.
On the accuracy of conservation of adiabatic invariants in slow-fast systems
Tan Su
Mathematics , 2011, DOI: 10.1134/S1560354712010054
Abstract: Let the adiabatic invariant of action variable in slow-fast Hamiltonian system with two degrees of freedom have two limiting values along the trajectories as time tends to infinity. The difference of two limits is exponentially small in analytic systems. An iso-energetic reduction and canonical transformations are applied to transform the slow-fast systems to form of systems depending on slowly varying parameters in a complexified phase space. On the basis of this method an estimate for the accuracy of conservation of adiabatic invariant is given for such systems.
Y-chromosome haplotype distribution in Han Chinese populations and modern human origin in East Asians
Yuehai Ke,Bing Su,Junhua Xiao,Hua Chen,Wei Huang,Zhu Chen,Jiayou Chu,Jiazhen Tan,Li Jin,Daru Lu
Science China Life Sciences , 2001, DOI: 10.1007/BF02879329
Abstract: We investigated the distribution of Y-chromosome haplotype using 19 Y-SNPs in Han Chinese populations from 22 provinces of China. Our data indicate distinctive patterns of Y chromosome between southern and northern Han Chinese populations. The southern populations are much more polymorphic than northern populations. The latter has only a subset of the southern haplotypes. This result confirms the genetic difference observed between southern and northern ethnic populations in East Asia. It supports the hypothesis that the first settlement of modern humans of African origin occurred in the southern part of East Asia during the last Ice Age, and a northward migration led to the peopling of northern China.
Cloning and Expression of Spinach Glycolate Oxidase in Escherichia coli
菠菜乙醇酸氧化酶基因的克隆及表达
Jian-Feng Jin,Tian-Wei Tan,Guo-Fu Su,
晋剑锋,谭天伟,苏国富
生物工程学报 , 2002,
Abstract: The cDNA coding spinach glycolate oxidase (GO) was amplified by RT PCR using the total RNA of spinach leaves as the template, and was cloned into cloning vector pMD18 T. After the DNA sequence was determined, the go gene was subcloned into E.coli expression vector pBV220, pET 22b(+), pTIG Trx and pThioHisC. SDS PAGE analysis revealed that the recombinant E.coli BL21 (DE3)(pTIG Trx GO) and E.coli BL21 (DE3)(pET 22b(+) GO) expressed the predicted 38kD glycolate oxidase, and the enzyme activity was also detected.
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