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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 200654 matches for " P. Chimenti "
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Changes in the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor after Fetal Tracheal Occlusion in an Experimental Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
E. Sanz-López,E. Maderuelo,D. Peláez,P. Chimenti
Critical Care Research and Practice , 2013, DOI: 10.1155/2013/958078
Abstract:
Changes in the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor after Fetal Tracheal Occlusion in an Experimental Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
E. Sanz-López,E. Maderuelo,D. Peláez,P. Chimenti,R. Lorente,M. A. Mu？oz,M. Sánchez-Luna
Critical Care Research and Practice , 2013, DOI: 10.1155/2013/958078
Abstract: Introduction. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic factor secreted by type II pneumocytes, could play a role in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) pathogenesis. Animal studies suggest that VEGF accelerates lung growth. Aim. To quantify VEGF on fetal lungs in a nitrofen rat model for CDH and to analyze the effect of tracheal occlusion (TO) in VEGF in fetal lung rats after nitrofen and in control rats not exposed to nitrofen. Methods. Pregnant rats received nitrofen on day 9.5 of gestation. Fetuses were divided into 2 groups: those that underwent TO on day 20 and those that did not. On day 21, fetuses were delivered, and the lungs were dissected for subsequent VEGF quantification. Results. CDH was detected in 43% of the fetuses that received nitrofen. Fetuses with CDH showed significantly reduced lung weight/fetal weight ratio and lower VEGF levels than the remainder. A higher VEGF value was observed after TO. Conclusions. VEGF protein was significantly lower in fetuses with CDH. TO induced a significant increase in VEGF compared to the fetuses that did not undergo TO. Although not statistically significant, we observed higher VEGF levels in fetuses with CDH and TO compared to fetuses with CDH and no further intervention. 1. Introduction Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a malformation associated with incomplete closure of the pleuroperitoneal membrane, secondary herniation pushing the abdominal viscera into the thorax, and pulmonary hypoplasia. The patient usually experiences severe respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension resulting from pulmonary hypoplasia. Consequently, morbidity and mortality are high. The prevalence of CDH is estimated in 1 case for every 3000 newborns [1], although it is difficult to measure given the high intrauterine mortality (spontaneous and induced). According to the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Registry, which pools data from more than 50 centers, survival ranges from 50% to 67% depending on the series [2–4]. Current investigations are aimed at prevention and the search for an effective treatment for pulmonary hypoplasia. Several strategies have been proposed to improve growth of the hypoplastic lung before birth, the most outstanding being occlusion of the fetal trachea, which has been shown to stimulate growth of the fetal lung in an experimental model [5]. Adequate fetal pulmonary vascularization is an essential component to the development of a mature alveolus that is capable of performing effective gas exchange after birth [6]. Angiogenesis requires several growth factors, mainly
Dynamic Distortions in the HARP TPC: observations, measurements, modelling and corrections
A. Bagulya,A. Blondel,S. Borghi,G. Catanesi,P. Chimenti,U. Gastaldi,S. Giani,V. Grichine,V. Ivanchenko,D. Kolev,J. Panman,E. Radicioni,R. Tsenov,I. Tsukerman
Physics , 2009, DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/4/11/P11014
Abstract: The HARP experiment was designed to study hadron production in proton- nucleus collisions in the energy range of 1.5 GeV/c-15 GeV/c. The experiment was made of two spectrometers, a forward dipole spectrometer and a large-angle solenoid spectrometer. In the large-angle spectrometer the main tracking and particle identification is performed by a cylindrical Time Projection Chamber (TPC) which suffered a number of shortcomings later addressed in the analysis. In this paper we discuss the effects of time-dependent (dynamic) distortions of the position measurements in the TPC which are due to a build-up of ion charges in the chamber during the accelerator spill. These phenomena have been studied both theoretically and experimentally, and a correction procedure has been developed. First, the dynamics of the positive ion cloud and of the full electrostatics of the field-cage system have been modelled with a phenomenological approach and a general correction procedure has been developed and applied to all data settings. Then, the correction procedure has been benchmarked experimentally by means of recoil protons in elastic scattering reactions, where the track coordinates are precisely predictable from simple kinematical considerations. After application of the corrections for dynamic distortions the corrected data have a performance equal to data where the dynamic distortions are absent. We describe the theoretical model, the comparison with the measurements, the distortion correction method and the results obtained with experimental data.
Emerging treatments in the management of psoriasis: biological targeting with ustekinumab
Marina Papoutsaki, Antonio Costanzo, Sergio Chimenti
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology , 2009, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S3696
Abstract: ging treatments in the management of psoriasis: biological targeting with ustekinumab Review (5971) Total Article Views Authors: Marina Papoutsaki, Antonio Costanzo, Sergio Chimenti Published Date May 2009 Volume 2009:2 Pages 95 - 103 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S3696 Marina Papoutsaki, Antonio Costanzo, Sergio Chimenti Department of Dermatology, University of Rome, “Tor vergata”, Rome, Italy Abstract: Psoriasis is a chronic, genetically determined, immune-mediated, inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 2% to 3% of Caucasian population. Given the well-established role of the immuno-mediated inflammation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, in the past few years several key steps in the pathogenesis of this disease have been elucidated and the increased knowledge led to the development of specific drugs, commonly defined as “biologics” targeting one or more of these steps. At present an anti-CD11a antibody (efalizumab), an anti-LFA3/CD2 receptor (alefacept) and 3 antitumor necrosis factor alpha agents (adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab) are now commercially available for the treatment of both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Recent studies have demonstrated that interleukins (IL) 12 and 23 play an important role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. In fact members of the IL-12 family of cytokines have the potential to act as the next major cytokine(s) in pathogenesis and the treatment of psoriasis. Ustekinumab (CNTO 1275, Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA, USA) is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the shared p40 protein subunit of human interleukins 12 and 23 with high affinity and specificity, thereby preventing interaction with their surface IL-12Rβ1 receptor. Different clinical studies have been conducted to date. In particular a phase II study and two phase III studies, PHOENIX 1 together with PHOENIX 2, show very encouraging results. This review reports on the latest progress made in the clinical use of biologic drugs for psoriasis focusing on the new human IL-12/23 monoclonal antibody, ustekinumab, for psoriasis.
Emerging treatments in the management of psoriasis: biological targeting with ustekinumab
Marina Papoutsaki,Antonio Costanzo,Sergio Chimenti
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology , 2009,
Abstract: Marina Papoutsaki, Antonio Costanzo, Sergio ChimentiDepartment of Dermatology, University of Rome, “Tor vergata”, Rome, ItalyAbstract: Psoriasis is a chronic, genetically determined, immune-mediated, inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 2% to 3% of Caucasian population. Given the well-established role of the immuno-mediated inflammation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, in the past few years several key steps in the pathogenesis of this disease have been elucidated and the increased knowledge led to the development of specific drugs, commonly defined as “biologics” targeting one or more of these steps. At present an anti-CD11a antibody (efalizumab), an anti-LFA3/CD2 receptor (alefacept) and 3 antitumor necrosis factor alpha agents (adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab) are now commercially available for the treatment of both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Recent studies have demonstrated that interleukins (IL) 12 and 23 play an important role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. In fact members of the IL-12 family of cytokines have the potential to act as the next major cytokine(s) in pathogenesis and the treatment of psoriasis. Ustekinumab (CNTO 1275, Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA, USA) is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the shared p40 protein subunit of human interleukins 12 and 23 with high affinity and specificity, thereby preventing interaction with their surface IL-12Rβ1 receptor. Different clinical studies have been conducted to date. In particular a phase II study and two phase III studies, PHOENIX 1 together with PHOENIX 2, show very encouraging results. This review reports on the latest progress made in the clinical use of biologic drugs for psoriasis focusing on the new human IL-12/23 monoclonal antibody, ustekinumab, for psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, ustekinumab, interleukin-12/23 monoclonal antibody
Effect of bradykinin on nitric oxide production, urea synthesis and viability of rat hepatocyte cultures
Settimio Sesti, Guglielmo Martino, Sergio Mazzulla, Rosa Chimenti
BMC Physiology , 2005, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6793-5-2
Abstract: Hepatocytes were treated with bradykinin, that stimulates nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO release was determined using 4,5 diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2DA), as fluorescent indicator of NO. Addition of the NOS inhibitor, Ng-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), to the culture medium inhibited the increase of NO production. Exposure of hepatocytes to bradykinin 0,1 mM for 2 hours resulted in a significant decrease of urea synthesis. Cell viability, instead, showed a significant decrease 24 hours after the end of bradykinin treatment as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. L-NAME addition recovered urea production and cell viability at control values.The findings suggest that the cell toxicity, after bradykinin treatment, effectively depends upon exposure to increased NO levels and the effects are prevented by L-NAME. The results show also that the increased NO synthesis induces a reduced urea production, that is another index of cell damage.It is well known that cytotoxic factors, such as lipopolysaccharides, derange nitrogen metabolism in hepatocytes and nitric oxide (NO) is involved among the other factors regulating this metabolic pathway [1]. NO is a free radical that is involved in many cellular events. In the biological systems NO has an halflife long lasting few seconds. It is an oxidation intermediate, therefore is both an oxidant and a reducing agent of metabolic products. Its biosynthesis is mainly performed by converting L-arginine to L-citrulline. L-arginine analogues, such as Ng-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), act as false substrates and are selective inhibitors of NO synthesis. NO synthase (NOS) is either a constitutive or inducible enzyme. The endothelial isoform (e-NOS) and the neuronal isoform (n-NOS) are constitutive. The inducible form of the enzyme (i-NOS), has the main property to be not regulated by intracellular calcium concentration and Ca2+-calmodulin complex, unlike the constitutiv
Infliximab in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis
Rosita Saraceno, Andrea Saggini, Lucia Pietroleonardo, Sergio Chimenti
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology , 2009, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S3413
Abstract: fliximab in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis Review (10217) Total Article Views Authors: Rosita Saraceno, Andrea Saggini, Lucia Pietroleonardo, Sergio Chimenti Published Date April 2009 Volume 2009:2 Pages 27 - 37 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S3413 Rosita Saraceno, Andrea Saggini, Lucia Pietroleonardo, Sergio Chimenti Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, Italy Abstract: Psoriasis is a chronic and immunomediated skin disease characterized by erythematous scaly plaques. Psoriasis affects approximately 1% to 3% of the Caucasian population. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Infliximab is an anti-TNF-α drug widely used for the treatment of plaque type psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated that infliximab is characterized by a high degree of clinical response in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Moreover infliximab showed rapid efficacy in nail psoriasis which represents a therapeutic challenge for dermatologists and a relevant source of distress for patients with plaque psoriasis. This anti-TNF-α has an encouraging safety profile, especially as long as physicians are watchful in prevention and early diagnosis of infections and infuse reactions. The efficacy, tolerability and safety profiles suggest infliximab as a suitable anti-psoriatic drug in the long-term treatment of a chronic disease such as plaque-type psoriasis.
Application of a Coaxial-FED Patch to Microwave Non-Destructive Porosity Measurements in Low-Loss Dielectrics
Alessandra Zucchelli;Massimo Chimenti;Edoardo Bozzi;Paolo Nepa
PIER M , 2008, DOI: 10.2528/PIERM08100302
Abstract: An air-spaced coaxial-fed patch antenna to be used as a microwave sensor for non-destructive porosity measurements in lowloss dielectric materials is presented. The variation of the patch resonant frequency when it is put on the surface of the material under test is used to estimate the dielectric permittivity. Then, a standard two-phase mixture model is used to derive the material degree of porosity from the above permittivity estimate. Measurements at the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band have been carried out on a set of polymeric samples with artificially induced porosity. The specific choice for the operating frequency is related to the final goal of applying the above microwave sensor for quality control of ceramic materials during the production process.
Profile of certolizumab and its potential in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis
Chimenti MS,Saraceno R,Chiricozzi A,Giunta A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy , 2013,
Abstract: Maria Sole Chimenti,1 Rosita Saraceno,2 Andrea Chiricozzi,2,3 Alessandro Giunta,2 Sergio Chimenti,2 Roberto Perricone11Unit of Rheumatology, Allergology, and Clinical Immunology, 2Unit of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; 3Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with psoriasis (PsO). PsA could be considered an enthesal disease because of the link between mechanical stress (entheses) and immunologically active tissue (synovium). Evidence of efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is supported by reduction of histological vascularity and immune cell infiltrates in synovial tissue after treatment. Certolizumab pegol (CZP) is a polyethylene glycolylated (PEGylated) Fab′ fragment of a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds and neutralizes human TNF-α. The PEG moiety of the Fab fragment, markedly increases the half-life of CZP and confers to the drug a unique structure that differs from the other anti-TNF-α agents tested for the treatment of Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis, nonradiographic spondyloarthritis, PsO, and PsA. In contrast to other anti-TNF-α agents, CZP did not mediate increased levels of apoptosis, suggesting that these mechanisms are not essential for the anti-TNF-α efficacy in Crohn’s disease. As CZP, infliximab, and adalimumab, but not etanercept, almost completely inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1 beta release from monocytes, this cytokine-production inhibition may be relevant for drug efficacy. Due to these characteristics, it has been demonstrated in clinical studies that CZP effectively improves signs and symptoms of arthritis and physical function and skin manifestations of PsO, with a safety profile similar to rheumatoid arthritis. This drug can be considered as a valid treatment in patients affected by PsA. The efficacy and tolerability profiles suggest CZP as a suitable antipsoriatic drug in the treatment of PsA.Keywords: psoriatic arthritis, certolizumab pegol, biological therapies, anti-TNF
Infliximab in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis
Rosita Saraceno,Andrea Saggini,Lucia Pietroleonardo,Sergio Chimenti
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology , 2009,
Abstract: Rosita Saraceno, Andrea Saggini, Lucia Pietroleonardo, Sergio ChimentiDepartment of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, ItalyAbstract: Psoriasis is a chronic and immunomediated skin disease characterized by erythematous scaly plaques. Psoriasis affects approximately 1% to 3% of the Caucasian population. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Infliximab is an anti-TNF-α drug widely used for the treatment of plaque type psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated that infliximab is characterized by a high degree of clinical response in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Moreover infliximab showed rapid efficacy in nail psoriasis which represents a therapeutic challenge for dermatologists and a relevant source of distress for patients with plaque psoriasis. This anti-TNF-α has an encouraging safety profile, especially as long as physicians are watchful in prevention and early diagnosis of infections and infuse reactions. The efficacy, tolerability and safety profiles suggest infliximab as a suitable anti-psoriatic drug in the long-term treatment of a chronic disease such as plaque-type psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, nail psoriasis, infliximab, long-term treatment
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