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Spatial and Social Dimensions of Post Conflict Urban Reconstruction Programme in South Western Nigeria. Example from Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Oluseyi O. FABIYI,Olufunmilayo E. THONTTEH,Paul BORISADE
Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning , 2012,
Abstract: Ife and Modakeke are contiguous, but linguistically homogenous communities in the South-Western part of Nigeria but were immersed in recurrent communal conflict since 1845. The age-long communal conflict was interjected by seven major wars including; 1845-1849, 1882-1909, 1946-1949, 1981, 1983, 1997 and 1998-2004. The study examined the nature and challenges of post conflict social and urban reconstructions in the two communities and advanced approaches for peace building in typical post war urban areas. It was observed that most of the physical reconstructions were carried out by the informal private sectors and neighbourhood cooperatives. Naturally cities grow at the peripheries, but the post war expansion in the two communities was more in the core and the transition zone as people move away from perceived volatile areas. Though the immediate cause of the war was addressed, there were no direct initiatives for social reconstruction or peace building in the two communities. The paper suggests that definite social reconstructions must follow communal conflict resolution.
Indigenous Technologies and Innovation in Nigeria: Opportunities for SMEs  [PDF]
Willie O. Siyanbola, Abiodun A. Egbetokun, Isola Oluseyi, Olumuyiwa O. Olamade, Helen O. Aderemi, Mohammed Sanni
American Journal of Industrial and Business Management (AJIBM) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/ajibm.2012.22009
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to advance the position that Nigeria's indigenous technologies present significant opportunities for local economic transformation and, to some extent, for global competitiveness. An analysis of three major indige- nous technology clusters in Nigeria, as well as a review of three successful country cases was performed. This was with a view to identifying structural and policy directions for the country. The study provided preliminary insight into a very broad landscape and call for further analyses relating to mapping the Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and Indigenous Technology (I-Tech) systems of economies.
Role of Placenta Parameters in Predicting Significant Feto-Maternal Haemorrhage  [PDF]
Adetunji O. Adeniji, Oluseyi A. Atanda, Musa A. Muhibi, Adewale S. Adeyemi
International Journal of Clinical Medicine (IJCM) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2013.43024
Abstract:

Purpose: Feto-maternal haemorrhage (FMH) is a complication of pregnancy and large FMH may lead to life-threatening anaemia in the fetus or newborn. In addition, exposure of Rhesus (Rh) D negative women to small amounts of fetal Rh D positive red cells during pregnancy or delivery may result in sensitization with its attendant problems of isoimmunisation. In most cases, the cause of FMH IS unknown. Through this study, we sought to determine if placental weight & diameter have any direct relationship with incidence and severity of FMH.Methods: This was a prospective study of parturients for presence of fetal red cells in the maternal blood circulation. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer-Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula. Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, Rh D factor, placenta weight and diameter. Data generated were analysed with Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and Odd ratio and confidence intervals as appropriate.Results: Three hundred parturients were studied. However, only two hundred and ninety-five parturients were analysed, with five excluded due to lysed blood samples. A total of 52 parturients (17.63%) had demonstrable FMH, of which 8 (2.71%) were large FMH (>15 ml foetal cells). Both the placenta weight (P < 0.005) and diameter (P < 0.042) were significantly associated with incidence of

BIODEGRADATION OF AGRO-WASTES BY SOME NIGERIAN WHITE-ROT FUNGI
Oluseyi Damilola Adejoye,Isola. O. Fasidi
BioResources , 2009,
Abstract: Three white-rot fungi: Daedalea elegans, Polyporus giganteus, and Lenzites betulina were screened for their lignin degrading abilities on rice straw, maizecob, sawdust of Terminalia superba, and sugarcane bagasse at different time intervals (30, 60, and 90 days). All the fungi demonstrated varying levels of ligninolytic capability with different degrees of lignin degradation in all the fermented substrates. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the mycelia extension of Daedalea elegans grown on the different agro-industrial wastes. D. elegans gave maximum extension of 4.5 cm on sugarcane bagasse. The highest lignin reduction of 92.9% (p<0.05) was recorded in maize cob fermented with Daedalea elegans after 90 days. On the basis of lignocellulosic material degraded, it is concluded that the white-rot fungi offer a better alternative to conventional ways of disposing these waste substances. This paper considers the ability of indigenous white-rot fungi to degrade lignin as a way of using them in effective waste management.
Technical Efficiency of Cassava - Based Cropping in Oyo State of Nigeria
L. T. Ogunniyi,J. O. Ajetomobi,Y. L. Fabiyi
AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics , 2013,
Abstract: This study examined the technical efficiency of cassava-based cropping in Oyo State of Nigeria. The population for the study consisted of all cassava-based farmers in Oyo State. Well structured questionnaire was used in collecting information from 253 cassava-based farmers in the study area. Multistage random sampling technique was employed. The study was analyzed, using descriptive statistics, stochastic frontier production and multiple regression analysis. The result of the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function revealed that cassava cutting material was statistically significant and positive in all the zones. This implies that cuttings are positive factors that influence output in the study area. The coefficient of farm size was also found to be significant and positive in all the zones except in zone 4 where it was insignificant and negative. This implies that farm size was a significant and positive determinant of cassava output in these zones The estimated gamma parameter (γ) of 0.814 indicates that 81.4% of the total variation in cassava output was due to technical inefficiencies in the study area. The return to scale (RTS) was 0.54 in the study area. This indicates a positive decreasing return to scale and that cassava production was in stage II of the production region where resources and production were believed to be efficient. The mean technical efficiency for the study area was 0.542. The analyses of technical efficiency revealed that cassava-based farmers were not operating on the production frontier. Productivity improvements can be achieved by implementing policies, such as, improved farmers’ access to extension services and technical assistance, to ensure farmers used the existing technology more efficiently. This would make farmers operate more closely to the existing frontier.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestation in HIV seropositive and seronegative patients in Ilorin, Nigeria
Babatunde S,Salami A,Fabiyi J,Agbede O
Annals of African Medicine , 2010,
Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence, severity and pattern of intestinal parasitic infestation in HIV-seropositive patients. Methods: A Cross-sectional study from January 2007 to December 2008.Patients were recruited from the HIV clinics of the hospital. Paired blood and single stool specimens were collected from each patient. The stool sample was investigated for intestinal parasites while the blood sample was tested for antibodies to HIV-1 and 2. HIV-seropositive subjects also had CD4 + cells count done. Result: Ninety each of stool and blood samples were collected from HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients. Four species each of helminthes and protozoan parasites and three species of coccidian parasites were isolated from the stool of both HIV-seropositive and seronegative subjects. The prevalence of these parasites was two and a halve times higher among the HIV seropositive patients than the seronegative ones. The range of CD4 cells count was 20-680 cells/ l with a median of 259 cells/ l. Patients with CD4 + count <200/ l had more coccidian parasites in their stool and also had higher prevalence of intestinal polyparasitism ranging from 2 to 4 different species per stool sample. Conclusion: The frequency of both AIDS defining and non- AIDS defining intestinal parasitic infestation was higher among the HIV infected patients. Patients′ CD4 + cells count was an important determinant of the rate and number of parasitic infestation.
The Urban Poor and Mobility Stress in Nigerian Cities
O.B. Olufemi,M.S. Oluseyi
Environmental Research Journal , 2012,
Abstract: The exploding rate of growth of cities poses great challenges to urban planners and policy makers in general. The proportion of urban dwellers in most Africa cities is expected to be about 61% of the world s population by the year 2030. Specifically in Nigeria, the proportion of the urban population in 2000 is about 43.5% and by projection, more than 50 % of the entire population will be living in urban centres by 2010. It should be noted that urban mobility is one of the challenges of the present millennium. The rapid urbanization rate has unequal consequences on the urban dwellers. In other words, the urban poor are the worst hit of this menace. This study therefore, argues that; despite the huge benefits accrued to cities, Nigerian urban poor are suffering from intolerably high levels of mobility stress courtesy poverty. The concept of urban poor and mobility stress are explored; the study makes its contribution by: Identifying and discussing the mobility coping strategies that the urban poor have been forced to adopt in order to survive. The study concluded with a set of recommendations on what needs to be done to reduce urban mobility stress for the poor and non-poor in Nigerian cities.
Gender Influences on Managerial Style and Conflict Resolution Effectiveness in Work Organisations in South-Western, Nigeria
A. Oluseyi Shadare,O. Christopher Chidi,Oluwakemi Ayodeji Owoyemi
International Journal of Business Administration , 2011, DOI: 10.5430/ijba.v2n1p54
Abstract: This study investigated the influences of gender on managerial style and conflict resolution effectiveness in work organisations in South-Western Nigeria. The findings of the study revealed that a significant relationship exists between managerial style and conflict resolution effectiveness (r = 0.356; P < 0.05). I t was also found that there was no significant difference between male and female managers’ conflict management style (t (209) = 17.56; P > 0.05).It was found that a significant difference exists between female and male managers’ conflict resolution effectiveness (t (209) = 5.66; P < 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommended that democratic management style should be encouraged as conflict resolution strategy in order to guarantee effective management of industrial conflict and sustainable peace and harmony. Thus, the participatory management style should be employed during collective bargaining process in order to foster effective management of conflict in work organisations.
Hydration Behaviour and Infrared Spectroscopy of Pre-treatments Effect on Portland Cement-Eremospatha macrocarpa and Laccosperma secundiflorum Systems
O.O. Adefisan,J.S. Fabiyi,A.G. McDonald
Journal of Applied Sciences , 2012,
Abstract: The effects of cold water extraction, incorporation of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) on the setting time (tmax), maximum hydration temperature (Tmax), time ratio (tR) and surface chemistry of Eremospatha macrocarpa and Laccosperma secundiflorum particles mixed with Portland cement was investigated. The mixtures were placed in thermally sealed thermos flasks for 24 h after which tmax, Tmax and tR were measured. The tmax, Tmax and tR were 12.4 and 11.9 h, 59.1 and 58.3C, 1.1 and 1.1, respectively for untreated E. macrocarpa and L. secundiflorum and ranged from 5.2 to 10.7 h, 57.7 to 83.7C and 0.5 to 0.9, respectively when treated with cold water and chemical additives. Cold water extraction and chemical additives significantly improved the hydration parameters of rattan-cement system. CaCl2 performed better as a chemical accelerator than Al2(SO4)3 while L. secundiflorum inhibited cement setting more than E. macrocarpa. Infrared spectroscopy showed that incorporation of CaCl2 to L. secundiflorum particles helped expose cellulose to advance participation thereby enlarging its surface area for interpenetration networking with cement.
Adsorption Behaviour of [(4-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl)-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-[1] methyl]-urea on Stainless Steel in Phosphoric Media
Olusola,James O.; Oluseyi,Ajanaku K.; Kehinde,Ogunniran O.; Olayinka,Ajani O.; Oluwatosin,John M.;
Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta , 2009,
Abstract: the adsorption of [(4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2h-pyran-3-yl)-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-methyl]-urea on iron in phosphoric media was studied by using electrochemical technique. the adsorption mechanism was investigated using adsorption isotherms. the experimental data fit localized adsorption models. the values for free energy of adsorption, δgads0, were also calculated at each surface coverage, θ of the studied compound by applying the mathematical model of bockris - swinkels adsorption isotherm. the variation of free energy of adsorption δgads0 with surface coverage, was interpreted in terms of deviation from ideal condition assumed in langmuir model. a possible adsorption model of hpu2 molecules on to the metal surface was suggested.
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