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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 230825 matches for " Matthias R？ger "
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Variational analysis of a mean curvature flow action functional
Annibale Magni,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2013,
Abstract: We consider the reduced Allen-Cahn action functional, which appears as the sharp interface limit of the Allen-Cahn action functional and can be understood as a formal action functional for a stochastically perturbed mean curvature flow. For suitable evolutions of generalized hypersurfaces this functional consists of the sum of the squares of the mean curvature and of the velocity vector, integrated over time and space. For given initial and final conditions we investigate the corresponding action minimization problem. We give a generalized formulation and prove compactness and lower semicontinuity properties of the action functional. Furthermore we characterize the Euler-Lagrange equation for smooth stationary points and investigate conserved quantities. Finally we present an explicit example and consider concentric spheres as initial and final data and characterize in dependence of the given time span the properties of the minimal rotationally symmetric connection.
Existence of weak solutions for a non-classical sharp interface model for a two-phase flow of viscous, incompressible fluids
Helmut Abels,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2008, DOI: 10.1016/j.anihpc.2009.06.002
Abstract: We introduce a new sharp interface model for the flow of two immiscible, viscous, incompressible fluids. In contrast to classical models for two-phase flows we prescribe an evolution law for the interfaces that takes diffusional effects into account. This leads to a coupled system of Navier-Stokes and Mullins-Sekerka type parts that coincides with the asymptotic limit of a diffuse interface model. We prove the long-time existence of weak solutions, which is an open problem for the classical two-phase model. We show that the phase interfaces have in almost all points a generalized mean curvature.
Convergence of perturbed Allen-Cahn equations to forced mean curvature flow
Luca Mugnai,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2009,
Abstract: We study perturbations of the Allen-Cahn equation and prove the convergence to forced mean curvature flow in the sharp interface limit. We allow for perturbations that are square-integrable with respect to the diffuse surface area measure. We give a suitable generalized formulation for forced mean curvature flow and apply previous results for the Allen-Cahn action functional. Finally we discuss some applications.
The Allen-Cahn Action functional in higher dimensions
Luca Mugnai,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2007,
Abstract: The Allen-Cahn action functional is related to the probability of rare events in the stochastically perturbed Allen-Cahn equation. Formal calculations suggest a reduced action functional in the sharp interface limit. We prove in two and three space dimensions the corresponding lower bound. One difficulty is that diffuse interfaces may collapse in the limit. We therefore consider the limit of diffuse surface area measures and introduce a generalized velocity and generalized reduced action functional in a class of evolving measures. As a corollary we obtain the Gamma convergence of the action functional in a class of regularly evolving hypersurfaces.
Tightness for a stochastic Allen--Cahn equation
Matthias R？ger,Hendrik Weber
Mathematics , 2009,
Abstract: We study an Allen-Cahn equation perturbed by a multiplicative stochastic noise which is white in time and correlated in space. Formally this equation approximates a stochastically forced mean curvature flow. We derive uniform energy bounds and prove tightness of of solutions in the sharp interface limit, and show convergence to phase-indicator functions.
Large deviation principle for a stochastic Allen-Cahn equation
Martin Heida,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2015,
Abstract: In this paper we consider the Allen-Cahn equation perturbed by a stochastic flux term and prove a large deviation principle. Using an associated stochastic flow of diffeomorphisms the equation can be transformed to a parabolic partial differential equation with random coefficients. We use this structure and first provide a large deviation principle for stochastic flows in function spaces with H\"older-continuity in time. Second, we use a continuity argument and deduce a large deviation principle for the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation.
Gamma convergence of a family of surface--director bending energies with small tilt
Luca Lussardi,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2015, DOI: 10.1007/s00205-015-0914-6
Abstract: We prove a Gamma-convergence result for a family of bending energies defined on smooth surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ equipped with a director field. The energies strongly penalize the deviation of the director from the surface unit normal and control the derivatives of the director. Such type of energies for example arise in a model for bilayer membranes introduced by Peletier and R\"oger [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 193 (2009)]. Here we prove in three space dimensions in the vanishing-tilt limit a Gamma-liminf estimate with respect to a specific curvature energy. In order to obtain appropriate compactness and lower semi-continuity properties we use tools from geometric measure theory, in particular the concept of generalized Gauss graphs and curvature varifolds.
Symmetry breaking in a bulk-surface reaction-diffusion model for signaling networks
Andreas R？tz,Matthias R？ger
Mathematics , 2013, DOI: 10.1088/0951-7715/27/8/1805
Abstract: Signaling molecules play an important role for many cellular functions. We investigate here a general system of two membrane reaction-diffusion equations coupled to a diffusion equation inside the cell by a Robin-type boundary condition and a flux term in the membrane equations. A specific model of this form was recently proposed by the authors for the GTPase cycle in cells. We investigate here a putative role of diffusive instabilities in cell polarization. By a linearized stability analysis we identify two different mechanisms. The first resembles a classical Turing instability for the membrane subsystem and requires (unrealistically) large differences in the lateral diffusion of activator and substrate. The second possibility on the other hand is induced by the difference in cytosolic and lateral diffusion and appears much more realistic. We complement our theoretical analysis by numerical simulations that confirm the new stability mechanism and allow to investigate the evolution beyond the regime where the linearization applies.
Turing instabilities in a mathematical model for signaling networks
Andreas R？tz,Matthias R？ger
Quantitative Biology , 2011, DOI: 10.1007/s00285-011-0495-4
Abstract: GTPase molecules are important regulators in cells that continuously run through an activation/deactivation and membrane-attachment/membrane-detachment cycle. Activated GTPase is able to localize in parts of the membranes and to induce cell polarity. As feedback loops contribute to the GTPase cycle and as the coupling between membrane-bound and cytoplasmic processes introduces different diffusion coefficients a Turing mechanism is a natural candidate for this symmetry breaking. We formulate a mathematical model that couples a reaction-diffusion system in the inner volume to a reaction-diffusion system on the membrane via a flux condition and an attachment/detachment law at the membrane. We present a reduction to a simpler non-local reaction-diffusion model and perform a stability analysis and numerical simulations for this reduction. Our model in principle does support Turing instabilities but only if the lateral diffusion of inactivated GTPase is much faster than the diffusion of activated GTPase.
The hydrogen molecule in a vice
Matthias Stocker,Simon R？ger,Berndt Koslowski
Physics , 2015,
Abstract: We conducted experiments on the role of molecular hydrogen physisorbed between two metallic surfaces. Such hydrogen leads to strong signatures in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy exceeding the amplitude of typical inelastic transitions by an order of magnitude and is accompanied by a step in the tunneling current leading under certain circumstances to a huge negative differential conductance. We show that the molecular vibration opens an inelastic channel as expected but simultaneously stalls the total elastic channel due to the forces exerted by the vibrating molecule on the electrodes. The required compliance of the stylus is surprisingly large but is possible in the wide spectrum of experimental conditions. Additionally, the inelastic channel experiences a saturation from which the lifetime of the molecular vibration can be deduced to be approximately 1 ns. This experiment allows resolving the forces corresponding to specific vibrational states of a single molecule.
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