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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 11540 matches for " Mame Ourèye SY "
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Environmental, morphological and physiological factors analyzes for optimization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber in vitro germination  [PDF]
Abraham Dieme, Mame Ourèye Sy
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology (ABB) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.411131
Abstract:

The microtuber is considered one of the most effective means of spreading basic materials, as well as transporting and preserving potato germplasm varieties. To define the optimal conditions for the potato microtuber in vitro germination of Aida, Atlas and Odessa varieties, the effects of temperature, physiological age and grade (size) were evaluated. The study conducted at three different temperature levels has demonstrated that the most favorable temperature for microtuber germination at a higher and faster germination rate was 25℃, regardless of the variety. In addition, microtubers of large caliber, greater than 4 mm, germinate more quickly, with a higher germination rate, than smaller size ones (less than 4 mm) for all genotypes. For Atlas, Aida and Odessa varieties, a germination rate equal to 86.66%, 70% and 70% respectively, was obtained for microtubers with a caliber superior to 4 mm. Physiological age influences microtuber germination. The mean length of sprouts, reached after a 7 week incubation period, was more marked at “multiple sprout” and “branched sprout” stages than at a “monosprout” stage. The average length was 2.35 cm, 2.48 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Thus, it is necessary to plant microtubers at a “multiple sprout” stage to optimize their yield in plants and minitubers.

Residual Effects of Sucrose and Hormonal Treatments of the Tuberization Medium on in Vitro Germination of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Microtubers  [PDF]
Abraham Diémé, Mame Abdou Nahr Sambe, Emile Codjo Agbangba, Mame Ourèye Sy
American Journal of Plant Sciences (AJPS) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.49230
Abstract:

The residual effects of sucrose concentrations (80 or 100 g·L-1) and hormonal treatments (BAP + Kinetin or Coumarin) of tuberization medium on in vitro microtubers germination of three potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) so called Aida, Atlas and Odessa, are described. After 3 weeks of incubation at 28℃ ± 1℃, 70% of Aida microtubers variety, previously formed in the MT2 medium [MS/2 + 80 g·L-1 Sucrose], germinated. The best germination rate for varieties Atlas (100%) and Odessa (66.66%) was obtained on microtubers previously formed in the medium MT2 [MS/2 + 100 g·L-1 Sucrose]. The addition of hormones in the tuberization medium allowed optimizing the microtubers germination of the Aida variety unlike the other varieties. Indeed, for the Aida variety, the combination M5 [Kin 2.5 mg·L-1 + Coum 0.025 mg·L-1 + Sucrose 80 g·L-1] increased the germination rate from 70% up to 93.33%. The best germination rate (90%), noticed with microtubers of Atlas variety, initially formed in M2 medium [Kin 1 mg·L-1 + BAP 1 mg·L-1

NaCl Effects on In Vitro Germination and Growth of Some Senegalese Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Cultivars
Mahamadou Thiam,Antony Champion,Diaga Diouf,Mame Ourèye SY
ISRN Biotechnology , 2013, DOI: 10.5402/2013/382417
Abstract:
NaCl Effects on In Vitro Germination and Growth of Some Senegalese Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Cultivars
Mahamadou Thiam,Antony Champion,Diaga Diouf,Mame Ourèye SY
ISRN Biotechnology , 2013, DOI: 10.5402/2013/382417
Abstract: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most important grain legumes in sub-Saharian regions. It contributes to man food security by providing a protein-rich diet. However, its production is limited by abiotic stresses such as salinity. This study aims to evaluate the salt tolerance of 15 cowpea cultivars, at germination stage. The seed germination process consisted of sowing them in agarified water (8？g·L？1) supplemented with 6 different concentrations of NaCl (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200？mM). Results highlighted that high salt concentrations drastically reduced germination and significantly delayed the process for all varieties. A cowpea varietal effect towards the salt tolerance was noticed. Genotypes Diongoma, 58-78, and 58-191 were more salt-tolerant cultivars while Mougne and Yacine were more salt-sensitive ones as confirmed in the three groups of the dendrogram. NaCl effects on the early vegetative growth of seedlings were assessed with a tolerant (58-191) and a susceptible (Yacine) cultivar. Morphological (length and dry biomass) and physiological (chlorophyll and proline contents) parameter measurements revealed a negative effect of high (NaCl). However, 58-191 was much more salt tolerant, and the chlorophyll and proline contents were higher than those of Yacine genotype at increasing salt concentrations. 1. Introduction Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, (L.) Walp.) is a tropical herbaceous leguminous plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. This species is one of the most important grain legume crops in the Sub-saharian regions of Africa because several parts such as dry or fresh seeds (23–32% of protein and 64% of carbohydrate contains), the immature pods, and the leaves are used for human consumption. In addition, dry seeds, pods, and the hay are used for animal feeding during the dry season [1]. For this purpose, cowpea is a valuable source of income for farmers and grain traders in many African countries [2–4]. In Senegal, the economic importance of cowpea is increasing [5] as it is one of the essential crops for rural population diet [6]. Its cultivation is often associated with cereals such as millet, sorghum, and maize [7] due to its ability to establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with Bradyrhizobium and/or mycorrhiza leading to soil fertility improvement [8]. The total cultivated area worldwide is estimated around 9.8 million？ha, with a total production of 3.9 million tons in 2004 [9]. Senegal is a major producer of cowpea in West Africa with an estimated area of 130,730？ha and an average production of 37,648 tons [10]. Salinity
Changes in Land Use System and Environmental Factors Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Density and Diversity, and Enzyme Activities in Rhizospheric Soils of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.
Fatou Ndoye,Aboubacry Kane,Eddy Léonard Ngonkeu Mangaptché,Niokhor Bakhoum,Arsène Sanon,Diégane Diouf,Mame Ourèye Sy,Ezékiel Baudoin,Kandioura Noba,Yves Prin
ISRN Ecology , 2012, DOI: 10.5402/2012/563191
Abstract: The responses of the soil microbial community features associated to the legume tree Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. including both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) diversity and soil bacterial functions, were investigated under contrasting environmental conditions. Soil samples were collected during dry and rainy seasons in two contrasting rainfall sites of Senegal (Dahra and Goudiry, in arid and semiarid zone, resp.). Soils were taken from the rhizosphere of A. senegal both in plantation and natural stands in comparison to bulk soil. A multiple analysis revealed positive correlations between soil physicochemical properties, mycorrhizal potential and enzyme activities variables. The positive effects of A. senegal trees on soil mycorrhizal potential and enzyme activities indicates that in sahelian regions, AMF spore density and diversity as well as soil microbial functions can be influenced by land-use systems (plantation versus natural population of A. senegal) and environmental conditions such as moisture and soil nutrient contents. Our study underlines the importance of prior natural AMF screening for better combinations of A. senegal seedlings with AMF species to achieve optimum plant growth improvement, and for restoration and reforestation of degraded lands. 1. Introduction Soil microorganisms and their enzymatic activities play key roles in the biochemical functioning of soils, including soil organic matter formation and degradation and nutrient cycling [1]. However, much less is known on the status of enzyme activities in semiarid regions as a function of land-use and management systems [2]. Additionally, the study of several enzyme activities together can provide information on the influence of soils, vegetation, and climatic factors on soil ecosystem functioning and quality [3]. This information would allow the selection of more sustainable and economically feasible cropping systems that guarantee the viability of agricultural activities in semiarid soils [2]. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one of the most widespread and important components of the soil microbiota in natural and agricultural systems [4]. They form symbiotic associations with their host plants and improve their water and nutrient uptake like phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and micronutrients, and act as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens [5]. Furthermore, species composition and productivity of plant communities were shown to be conditioned by AMF species richness and diversity [6]. In Senegal, a few studies were done on the diversity of AMF [7–9]. For instance,
Actinorhizal nitrogen fixing nodules: infection process, molecular biology and genomics
Mariana Obertello, Mame Oureye SY, Laurent Laplaze, Carole Santi, Sergio Svistoonoff, Florence Auguy, Didier Bogusz, Claudine Franche
African Journal of Biotechnology , 2003,
Abstract: Actinorhizal hosts are non-leguminous perennial plants belonging to 8 angiosperm families. They are capable of forming root nodules as a result of infection by a nitrogen-fixing actinomycete called Frankia. Actinorhizal nodules consist of multiple lobes, each of which represents a modified lateral root with infected cells in the expanded cortex. This article summarizes the most recent knowledge about this original symbiotic process. The infection process is described both at cytological and molecular levels. The use of transgenic Casuarinaceae for studying in actinorhizal nodules the regulation of several symbiotic promoters from legumes is also discussed. With progress in plant genome sequencing, comparative genomics in legumes and actinorhizal plants should contribute to the understanding of the evolutionary history of nitrogen-fixing symbioses.
E_Breast: A Computerized Database Management System for Breast Diseases Patients in a Low Income Country  [PDF]
Mamour Guèye, Mame Diarra Ndiaye-Guèye, Serigne Modou Kane-Guèye, Moussa Diallo, Mor Cissé, Khalifa Fall, Hadja Maimouna Barro Daff, Mihimit Abdoulaye, Sylvestre Gahungu, Sidy Ka, Jean Charles Moreau
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OJOG) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/ojog.2016.612093
Abstract: Objectives: To report our experience in using an electronic database for management of breast diseases in a developing country. Materials and methods: E-Breast is a database developed on FileMaker Pro Advanced to serve as patient file and breast diseases registry. The development of the platform, its usage and advantages on a manual filing system are described. Results: For 6 years, we use this database, which accounts more than 2000 patients and includes data from more than 10 years. An overview of the activity is easily generated by E-Breast. The generated reports are used to the routine care of patients, statistics and clinical research. Data entered are immediately useful in addition to simultaneously implement the database for clinical research. Many custom features are integrated. For research purposes, the system has the ability to perform detailed analyses on subsets defined by the user as breast cancer, breast benign diseases, etc. Conclusion: E-Breast has proven to be a useful way of documentation that has become an integral and essential part of the daily activity and also a valuable research tool.
Invasive mole: a rare cause of postmenopausal bleeding
Mamour Guèye,Mamadou Lamine Cissé,Mame Diarra Ndiaye-Guèye,Magatte Mbaye
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology , 2013, DOI: 10.5455/2320-1770.ijrcog20130943
Abstract: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) describes a number of gynaecological tumours that originate in the trophoblast layer, including hydatidiform mole (complete or partial), placental site trophoblastic tumour, choriocarcinoma and invasive mole. Invasive moles are responsible of most cases of localized gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Invasive mole is a condition where a molar pregnancy, such as a partial hydatidiform mole or complete hydatidiform mole, invades the wall of the uterus. It is an extremely rare condition. As GTN is not considered in the differential diagnosis of postmenopausal uterine malignancies, its preoperative diagnosis is challenging. We report a case of invasive hydatidiform mole in a postmenopausal woman discovered in a context of postmenopausal bleeding. She underwent hysterectomy and followed up till her beta hCG levels were within normal limits. The patient is in complete remission in the first postoperative year. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(3.000): 451-453]
Weak Solution to a Parabolic Nonlinear System Arising in Biological Dynamic in the Soil
C？me Goudjo,Babacar Lèye,Mamadou Sy
International Journal of Differential Equations , 2011, DOI: 10.1155/2011/831436
Abstract: We study a nonlinear parabolic system governing the biological dynamic in the soil. We prove global existence (in time) and uniqueness of weak and positive solution for this reaction-diffusion semilinear system in a bounded domain, completed with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions and positive initial conditions. 1. Introduction Modelling biological dynamic in the soil is of great interest during these last years. Several attempts are made in , , and rarely in . For more details, readers are referred to [1–3]. We deal here with the mathematical study of the model described in [2]. Let be a fixed time, an open smooth bounded domain, , and . The set of equations describing the organic matter cycle of decomposition in the soil is given by the following system: for . We have noticed with is the density of microorganisms (MB), is the density of DOM, is the density of SOM, is the density of FOM, density of enzymes, and is the density of CO2, with mortality rate, is the breathing rate, is the enzymes production rate, is the transformation rate of deteriorated enzymes, is the maximal transformation rate of SOM, is the maximal transformation rate of FOM, maximal growth rate, and represent half-saturation constants, and , to 6, are strictly positive constants. System is introduced in [2]. To our knowledge, it is the first time that diffusion is used to model biological dynamics and linking it to real soil structure described by a 3D computed tomography image. Similar systems to operate in other situations. It comes in population dynamics as Lotka-Voltera equation which corresponds to the case , denoting the densities of species present and growth rate. This system is also involved in biochemical reactions. In this case, the are the concentrations of various molecules, is the rate of loss, and represents the gains. For models in biology, interested reader can consult with profit [4] where the author presents some models based on partial differential equations and originating from various questions in population biology, such as physiologically structured equations, adaptative dynamics, and bacterial movement. He describes original mathematical methods like the generalized relative entropy method, the description of Dirac concentration effects using a new type of Hamilton-Jacobi equations, and a general point of view on chemotaxis including various scales of description leading to kinetic, parabolic, or hyperbolic equations. Theoretical study of semilinear equations is widely investigated. Some interesting mathematical difficulties arise with these equations
Spontaneous Uterine Rupture of an Unscarred Uterus before Labour
Mamour Guèye,Magatte Mbaye,Mame Diarra Ndiaye-Guèye,Serigne Modou Kane-Guèye
Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology , 2012, DOI: 10.1155/2012/598356
Abstract:
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