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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 13202 matches for " Lorena Soto Pinto "
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Woody plant diversity and structure of shade-grown-coffee plantations in Northern Chiapas, Mexico
Soto-Pinto,Lorena; Romero-Alvarado,Yolanda; Caballero-Nieto,Javier; Segura Warnholtz,Gerardo;
Revista de Biología Tropical , 2001,
Abstract: shade-grown coffee is an agricultural system that contains some forest-like characteristics. however, structure and diversity are poorly known in shade coffee systems. in 61 coffee-growers？ plots of chiapas, mexico, structural variables of shade vegetation and coffee yields were measured, recording species and their use. coffee stands had five vegetation strata. seventy seven woody species mostly used as wood were found (mean density 371.4 trees per hectare). ninety percent were native species (40% of the local flora), the remaining were introduced species, mainly fruit trees/shrubs. diametric distribution resembles that of a secondary forest. principal coordinates analysis grouped plots in four classes by the presence of inga, however the majority of plots are diverse. there was no difference in equitability among groups or coffee yields. coffee yield was 835 g clean coffee per shrub, or ca. 1668 kg ha-1. there is a significant role of shade-grown coffee as diversity refuge for woody plants and presumably associated fauna, as well as an opportunity for shade-coffee growers to participate in the new biodiversity-friendly-coffee market
Woody plant diversity and structure of shade-grown-coffee plantations in Northern Chiapas, Mexico
Lorena Soto-Pinto,Yolanda Romero-Alvarado,Javier Caballero-Nieto,Gerardo Segura Warnholtz
Revista de Biología Tropical , 2001,
Abstract: Shade-grown coffee is an agricultural system that contains some forest-like characteristics. However, structure and diversity are poorly known in shade coffee systems. In 61 coffee-growers’ plots of Chiapas, Mexico, structural variables of shade vegetation and coffee yields were measured, recording species and their use. Coffee stands had five vegetation strata. Seventy seven woody species mostly used as wood were found (mean density 371.4 trees per hectare). Ninety percent were native species (40% of the local flora), the remaining were introduced species, mainly fruit trees/shrubs. Diametric distribution resembles that of a secondary forest. Principal Coordinates Analysis grouped plots in four classes by the presence of Inga, however the majority of plots are diverse. There was no difference in equitability among groups or coffee yields. Coffee yield was 835 g clean coffee per shrub, or ca. 1668 kg ha-1. There is a significant role of shade-grown coffee as diversity refuge for woody plants and presumably associated fauna, as well as an opportunity for shade-coffee growers to participate in the new biodiversity-friendly-coffee market El café bajo sombra es un sistema agrícola que contiene algunas características de los bosques. Sin embargo, las características estructurales y de diversidad de la sombra del café son poco conocidas. En 61 parcelas de productores del norte de Chiapas, Mexico, se midieron variables estructurales de la vegetación de sombra y los rendimientos de café, registrando las especies y sus usos. Los cafetales presentaron cinco estratos de vegetación. Se encontraron 77 especies le osas, la mayoría de uso maderable (densidad promedio de 371.4 árboles por hectárea). Noventa por ciento fueron especies nativas (40% de la flora local), el porcentaje restante fueron especies introducidas, principalmente árboles o arbustos frutales. La distribución diamétrica se asemeja a la distribución típica de bosques secundarios. El Análisis de Coordenadas Principales distinguió cuatro grupos de parcelas por la presencia de Inga, sin embargo las parcelas son diversas. No hubo diferencias en equitabilidad entre grupos y tampoco en rendimientos de café. Los rendimientos fueron de 835 g de café pergamino por arbusto o aproximadamente 1668 Kg por hectárea. Se discute el importante papel del café de sombra como refugio de plantas le osas y como hábitats para fauna asociada así como la oportunidad de los productores de participar en el nuevo mercado de café amable con la biodiversidad
Proyectos Productivos para Mujeres: Discurso y Experiencias
Mónica Enriquez Monzón,Edith Michel Kauffer,Esperanza Tu？ón Pablos,Lorena Soto Pinto
Convergencia , 2003,
Abstract: El estudio de las interrelaciones del grupo de mujeres de la comunidad de Amor de Dios con organizaciones sociales para la ejecución de proyectos productivos, indicó la existencia de la participación militante de las mujeres en tales organizaciones y una participación motivada por la búsqueda de alternativas que alivien su autodenominada situación de pobreza. Sin embargo, las condiciones de los actuales proyectos no sugieren que éstos formen parte de una estrategia dise ada para la atención de las mujeres ni mucho menos, apuntan a una mejoría en sus condiciones de vida.
Ganadería y conocimiento local de árboles y arbustos forrajeros de la selva Lacandona, Chiapas, México
Jiménez-Ferrer,Guillermo; Velasco-Pérez,Ramón; Uribe Gómez,Miguel; Soto-Pinto,Lorena;
Zootecnia Tropical , 2008,
Abstract: knowledge and use of fodder trees and shrubs play an important role for designing more environmental-sound cattle systems as well as a significant function for farmer`s economy. this research aimed to document local knowledge on fodder trees and shrubs in lacandona rainforest, chiapas, mexico. participatory workshops were carried out, along with semi-structured interviews, transect, and plant recollection. communities with "ejido" land tenure of four agroecological zones were studied. a total of 28 fodder species were recorded, representing 16 botanical families. the species with the highest cultural importance index were gliricidia sepium (4.6), brosimum alicastrum (4.1), psidium guajava (4.1), spondias bombin (3.7) bursera simaruba (3.5), cecropia obtusifolia (3.1), byrsonima crassifolia (2.9) parmentiera aculeata (2.9), eryhtrina sp (2.4), citrus sinensis (2.3), cnidiscolus chayamansa (2.2), cedrela odorata (2.1), bahuinia herrerae (2.1), tithonia diversifolia (2.1), and spondias purpurea (2.0). most of the species offered several uses besides forage, such as shade, food, fuelwood, live fence, medicinal and construction.
Sistemas agroforestales y almacenamiento de carbono en comunidades indígenas de chiapas, méxico
Roncal-García,Sandra; Soto-Pinto,Lorena; Castellanos-Albores,Jorge; Ramírez-Marcial,Neptalí; de Jong,Bernardus;
Interciencia , 2008,
Abstract: one of the consequences of slash-and-burn agriculture is the conversion of forests into open areas, contributing carbon (c) emissions and consequently increasing the greenhouse effect. the aim of this study was to evaluate the c stocks in four agroforestry systems, exploring its relationship with system age and structural and functional complexity. carbon inventories were undertaken, in the context of the scolel？te project, in four indigenous communities within the chilón municipality, chiapas, mexico, in 25 circular plots. destructive sampling methods were used for all pools, except for tree/shrub and thick roots, for which allometric formulae were used. the holdridge complexity index was applied to each system. plots with higher complexity contained a higher carbon concentration. taungya systems, traditional milpa, enriched fallow and natural fallow presented 109.4, 127.9, 150.1 and 177.6mg c·ha-1, respectively. soil organic matter was the largest c pool in all systems, with 70% of the total c stock; whereas living biomass and dead organic matter contributed one third of total c. total c increased with system age in taungya and natural fallow, while in milpa a negative relationship between dead matter and age was found. taungya and enriched fallow may be regarded as an alternative for slash and burn agriculture, since in addition to c sequestration, farmers do not burn vegetation, thus avoiding emissions. these agroforestry systems hold significant pools of c and also offer key local goods for local people
Relaciones alométricas para la predicción de biomasa forrajera y le？a de acacia pennatula y guazuma ulmifolia en dos comunidades del norte de chiapas, méxico
López-Merlín,David; Soto-Pinto,Lorena; Jiménez-Ferrer,Guillermo; Hernández-Daumás,Salvador;
Interciencia , 2003,
Abstract: acacia pennatula (schltdl. & cham.) benth. and guazuma ulmifolia lam. are important species used as forage and fuel wood in dry and sub-humid tropics. nevertheless, the relation between fuel wood, forage and allometric variables is unknown. allometric models were fitted to predict forage accumulation and fuel wood for these species in secondary vegetation, in two localities in northern chiapas, mexico. during march 2001 a homogenization pruning was practiced to 23 trees of each species, and fuel wood was quantified. forage production was calculated through the sprout harvest six months after pruning. forage dry matter production was estimated through several models, using allometric variables such as: basal diameter (bd), breast height diameter, stump volume, number of sprouts per tree (nst), sprout length, sprout basal diameter (sbd). fuel wood dry matter production for both species was related to bd. for a. pennatula forage dry matter was predictable with nst (cubic model), g. ulmifolia forage was predictable with bd (lineal model), fuel wood weight was predictable with bd for both species (potential model). these allometric models permit the estimation of forage and fuel wood in similar conditions to those of the studied area.
Livestock, nutritive value and local knowledge of fodder trees in fragment landscapes in Chiapas, Mexico
Jiménez-Ferrer,Guillermo; Pérez-López,Hernán; Soto-Pinto,Lorena; Nahed-Toral,José; Hernández-López,Lorenzo; Carmona,Jesús;
Interciencia , 2007,
Abstract: the purpose of the present study was to characterize the livestock system and to identify nutritional potential and local knowledge of fodder trees and shrubs in two localities of chiapas, mexico. the study included participatory rural evaluation techniques, semi-structured interviews, laboratory analysis and a palatability essay with "pelibuey" sheep. the latter was carried out through a random design. the livestock system was classified as agrosilvopastoral, characterized by its access to a variety of different ecological areas (crop, fallow lands and pine-oak forest). thirteen multi-purpose woody fodder species were identified and ranked by farmers: acacia angustissima, a. pennatula, casimiroa edulis, diphysa robinoides, ficus cookii, leucaena brachycarpa, litsea glaucescens, lysiloma auritum, pistacia mexicana, quercus crispipilis, q. segoviensis, rhus schiedeana and tecoma stans. ten uses and 43 products or services were identified for fuelwood (11), living fences (9), shade (9), medicinal purposes (7), tools (3), food (2), and condiment, charcoal, tanning and ornamental use (1 of each). the best ranked species by producers according to fodder availability during the dry season, palatability, livestock fattening and propagation were a. angustissima, c. edulis, l. brachycarpa, l. auritum y p. mexicana. chemical analysis, in vitro digestibility and secondary compounds of 13 species showed significant variation among species. crude protein content was 8.1-22.7% and total phenols 5.4-8.4%. alkaloids showed low-medium values. the palatability test (p<0.05) showed that the most consumed species (g/ms/animal-1) were a. angustissima (69.48), l. auritum (54.85) and a. pennatula (35.69).
Diversidad de mamíferos en cafetales y selva mediana de las ca adas de la Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, México
Laura E. Cruz Lara,Consuelo Lorenzo,Lorena Soto,Eduardo Naranjo
Acta zoológica mexicana , 2004,
Abstract: El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la riqueza y diversidad de mamíferos en cafetales con sombra y selva mediana perennifolia en la comunidad de Loma Bonita, Municipio de Maravilla Tenejapa, Chiapas, México. Comparamos la riqueza, diversidad, abundancia relativa y similitud de especies entre hábitat durante las estaciones seca y lluviosa. Registramos un total de 953 individuos de 54 especies de mamíferos, predominando los órdenes Chiroptera (n=31 especies) y Rodentia (n=13 especies). Durante la estación seca, la mayor riqueza (S) y diversidad (H′), se registró en la selva mediana (S=40, H′=3.2) que en los cafetales (S=31, H′= 2.7). En la estación lluviosa, la riqueza y diversidad se mantuvo constante en los cafetales (S=31; H′= 2.6), mientras que se observó una reducción de estos atributos en la selva mediana (S=24; H′=2.3) (H=10.9). Las especies más abundantes fueron el murciélago Sturnira lilium y el roedor Peromyscus mexicanus en los cafetales y la selva mediana, respectivamente. La mayor similitud de las comunidades de mamíferos entre los dos hábitat se presentó en la estación seca (IM-H= 0.6) que en la estación lluviosa (IM-H= 0.4)...
Effect of the Program Caring for caretakers : Findings of a multicenter study
Lucy Barrera,Gloria Mabel Carrillo,Lorena Chaparro,Natividad Pinto
Colombia Médica , 2011,
Abstract: Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the program Caring for the Caregivers on the caring ability of family caregiversof people with chronic illnesses attended by programs coordinated by the Latin American nodes for the care of caregivers withchronically ill family members.Methods: The study had a Quasi-experimental method with an experimental group (family caregivers that took theProgram Caring for the caregivers and a control group. Data was collected with the Ngozi Nkongho’s Caring AbilityInventory (CAI). The sample was taken by convenience in (8) nodes, with an average of 60-100 family caregivers for a totalgroup of 643 individuals (417 in the experimental group and 226 in the control group). Statistical tests were used to evaluateproposals of normality and the Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate data.Results: Findings report similar study groups with small differences in ages and socioeconomic levels. Family caregiversthat took part in the Program significantly improved their caring ability with improvement in each of the dimensions of thecaring ability.Discussion: The effectiveness of the Program Caring for the caregivers in the caring ability of family caregivers is asignificant finding that match with previous reports and it confirm the importance of having specific proposals for the careof caregivers in the Latin American context. Findings shows a strengthening of the general caring ability of family caregivers,as well as an straightening of each one of their dimensions that is favorable to the Program effect. These findings slightly differfrom previous findings because in previous studies the caring ability never showed increase in all its components.
Darunavir Resistance in HIV Infecting Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Mexican Patients  [PDF]
Carlos A. Agudelo, Luis E. Soto-Ramírez, Abraham Katime-Zú？iga, Lorena Cabrera-Ruíz, Hugo Lara-Sánchez, Juan J. Calva
World Journal of AIDS (WJA) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/wja.2013.33035
Abstract:

Background: Darunavir (DRV) is a useful antiretroviral treatment in the salvage therapy of multiclass-resistant HIV-infected patients. This study’s aim was to determine the frequency and risk factors for DRV resistance-associated mutations (DRV-RAM) among DRV-naive Mexican patients with virologic failure after extensive antiretroviral treatment and exposure to at least one protease inhibitor (PI). Methods: HIV-infected patients with a history of at least 2 failed regimes were included and their clinical histories and genotype resistance tests were analyzed. Major PI resistance-associated mutations (PI-RAM), DRV-RAM and resistance to DRV were defined according to the IAS-USA criteria. Previous exposure to PI was compared between patients with DRV-resistant HIV and DRV-susceptible HIV-infected controls. Results: The median number of major PI-RAM was 2 (IQR = 0 - 3). In 54.7% (95% CI = 50.0% - 59.4%) of 631 subjects, no DRV-RAM were found on viral genotyping and 6.7% (95% CI = 4.8% - 8.6%) had 3 or more DRV-RAM. The two most frequently found DRV-RAM were in codons I84V (in 22.7% of cases) and L33F (in 20% of cases) in the viral protease gene. The number of major PI-RAM (as a surrogate marker of duration and number of PI used) and previous exposure to (fos) amprenavir or tipranavir were independently associated with DRV-resistant HIV infection. Conclusions: In this Mexican population, despite a high prior PI exposure, HIV-DRV resistance rate is relatively low and successful viral control with DRV-containing combined salvage therapy is expected in most patients.

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