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FOOD AND HEALTH STATUS OF SCHEDULED TRIBES IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
D. PULLA RAO
The Dawn Journal , 2012,
Abstract: Ecologically, the tribal households are far from homogenous; they display a diversity of high order. The areas of tribal concentration have been generally described as the forest and hilly areas of the country. Their ignorance and the long- sightedness of the money lenders play with the tribal lives. With less income they take less nutrient food and it leads to health problems among scheduled tribals. This paper addresses the food and health status of scheduled tribes in the study area. Expenditure on food takes the major share of expenditure followed by paying interest on loans and medical care. The average intake of food items in the sample population of Visakhapatnam District is not up to the suggested level. This malnutrition may be one of the causes for their high disease prevalence in the study area. The disease prevalence rate for females in the total sample is around 28 per cent. Malaria and general fevers are widely prevalent in the study areas. Most of the scheduled tribes do not agree to take modern medicine (Allopathy), and they are reluctant to accept it. Most of the women did not consult doctors when they need. In this regard, the government should initiate the tribals the importance of the medical care.
The Mutation V42M Distorts the Compact Packing of the Human Gamma-S-Crystallin Molecule, Resulting in Congenital Cataract
Venkata Pulla Rao Vendra, Sushil Chandani, Dorairajan Balasubramanian
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051401
Abstract: Background Human γS-crystallin is an important component of the human eye lens nucleus and cortex. The mutation V42M in the molecule causes severe congenital cataract in children. We compare the structure of the mutant protein with that of the wild type in order to understand how structural changes in the mutant relate to the mechanism of opacification. Methods Both proteins were made using conventional cloning and expression procedures. Secondary and tertiary structural features of the proteins were analyzed using spectral methods. Structural stabilities of the proteins were analyzed using chemical and thermal denaturation methods. Self-aggregation was monitored using extrinsic spectral probes. Molecular modeling was used to compare the structural features of the two proteins. Results While the wild type and mutant have the same secondary structure, molecular modeling and fluorescence analysis suggest the mutant to have a more open tertiary structure, with a larger hydrophobic surface. Experiments using extrinsic probes reveal that the mutant readily self-aggregates, with the suggestion that the aggregates might be similar to amyloidogenic fibrils. Chemical denaturation indicates that while the wild type exhibits the classic two-state transition, V42M goes through an intermediate state, and has a distinctly lower stability than the wild type. The temperature of thermal unfolding of the mutant is also distinctly lower. Further, the mutant readily precipitates and scatters light more easily than the wild type. Conclusion The replacement of valine in position 42 by the longer and bulkier methionine in human γS-crystallin perturbs the compact β-sheet core packing topology in the N-terminal domain of the molecule, exposes nonpolar residues thereby increasing the surface hydrophobicity and weakens the stability of the protein, thus promoting self-aggregation leading to light scattering particles. This set of changes in the properties of the mutant offers a molecular insight into the mechanism of opacification.
Structural Integrity of the Greek Key Motif in βγ-Crystallins Is Vital for Central Eye Lens Transparency
Venkata Pulla Rao Vendra, Garima Agarwal, Sushil Chandani, Venu Talla, Narayanaswamy Srinivasan, Dorairajan Balasubramanian
PLOS ONE , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070336
Abstract: Background We highlight an unrecognized physiological role for the Greek key motif, an evolutionarily conserved super-secondary structural topology of the βγ-crystallins. These proteins constitute the bulk of the human eye lens, packed at very high concentrations in a compact, globular, short-range order, generating transparency. Congenital cataract (affecting 400,000 newborns yearly worldwide), associated with 54 mutations in βγ-crystallins, occurs in two major phenotypes nuclear cataract, which blocks the central visual axis, hampering the development of the growing eye and demanding earliest intervention, and the milder peripheral progressive cataract where surgery can wait. In order to understand this phenotypic dichotomy at the molecular level, we have studied the structural and aggregation features of representative mutations. Methods Wild type and several representative mutant proteins were cloned, expressed and purified and their secondary and tertiary structural details, as well as structural stability, were compared in solution, using spectroscopy. Their tendencies to aggregate in vitro and in cellulo were also compared. In addition, we analyzed their structural differences by molecular modeling in silico. Results Based on their properties, mutants are seen to fall into two classes. Mutants A36P, L45PL54P, R140X, and G165fs display lowered solubility and structural stability, expose several buried residues to the surface, aggregate in vitro and in cellulo, and disturb/distort the Greek key motif. And they are associated with nuclear cataract. In contrast, mutants P24T and R77S, associated with peripheral cataract, behave quite similar to the wild type molecule, and do not affect the Greek key topology. Conclusion When a mutation distorts even one of the four Greek key motifs, the protein readily self-aggregates and precipitates, consistent with the phenotype of nuclear cataract, while mutations not affecting the motif display ‘native state aggregation’, leading to peripheral cataract, thus offering a protein structural rationale for the cataract phenotypic dichotomy “distort motif, lose central vision”.
Larva currens in a case of Organophosphorous poisoning
Rao D,Rao VRS
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology , 2006,
Abstract: A 20-year-old healthy farmer consumed organophosphorous poison. On third day he developed diarrhoea and on fourth day linear serpiginous ulcers appeared on both buttocks. Clinically lesions were considered as decubitus ulcers. By stool examination and other laboratory investigations it was diagnosed as cutaneous larva currens due to S trongyloides stercoralis in a case of organophosphorus poisoning. Patient responded very well to a course of albendazole.
Intelligent Tool Management Strategies for Automated Manufacturing Systems  [PDF]
D. Ganeshwar Rao, C. Patvardhan, Ranjit Singh
Intelligent Control and Automation (ICA) , 2011, DOI: 10.4236/ica.2011.24046
Abstract: With the increase in automation and use of computer control in machine tools, the number of cutting tools per machining setup is on the increase. On one hand, such multi-tool setups offer the advantages of reduced down-time and cost of production and require less space and in-process inventory, and on the other hand, require proper tool management for economic operations. A number of strategies have been devised to solve the tool selection problems and a number of tool replacement policies have been proposed in the past. These strategies have been solved in isolation, whereas, a comprehensive algorithm for proper selection of tools out of those available in the tool magazine for performing operation and for replacement of tools on failure/wear is necessary. In this paper, taking cue from the computer memory management policies, four tool selection strategies have been presented and their performance in tandem with various tool replacement policies has been studied. The effect of important parameters such as reduction of tool life due to regrinding, limited number of regrindings, catastrophic failures etc. have been considered. Cost has been computed for each combination of tool selection and replacement policy. Also, the number of machine stoppages has been worked out in each case. The results indicate that the combination of various selection strategies with suitable replacement policies affects the overall cost.
Controlled dynamics of qubits in the presence of decoherence
D. D. Bhaktavatsala Rao
Physics , 2007, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.76.042312
Abstract: An exactly solvable model for the decoherence of one and two-qubit states interacting with a spin-bath, in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field is studied. The magnetic field is static along $\hat{z}$ direction and oscillatory in the transverse plane. The transition probability and Rabi oscillations between the spin-states of a single qubit is shown to depend on the size of bath, the distribution of qubit-bath couplings and the initial bath polarization. In contrast to the fast Gaussian decay for short times, the polarization of the qubit shows an oscillatory power-law decay for long times. The loss of entanglement for the maximally entangled two-qubit states, can be controlled by tuning the frequency of the rotating field. The decay rates of entanglement and purity for all the Bell-states are same when the qubits are non-interacting, and different when they are interacting.
Analysis of Efficient Address Allocation Schemes In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
S.Zahoor Ul Huq,Dr. K.E.Sreenivasa Murthy,G. Pulla Reddy Engineering College, Dr. B.Satyanarayana,D.Kavitha
International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology , 2010,
Abstract: A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) can be implemented anywhere where there is little or no communication infrastructure, or the existing infrastructure is inconvenient to use. A number of mobile devices may connect together to form one network. Address auto-configuration is an important issue for ad hoc networks in order to provide autonomous networking and self-management. In this paper we take into account various parameters for designing an efficient address allocation scheme in MANETs and consider the best of them to build an efficient protocol for Address allocation in MANETs.
A new methodology for recognizing features in rotational parts using STEP data exchange standard
D Sreeramulu, CSP Rao
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology , 2011,
Abstract: Automated feature recognition is considered a critical node for integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM. The CAPP module requires the implementation of a feature recognition procedure, so that decisions relating to steps of process planning activities can be made automatic. STEP is an international standard for geometric and non geometric data transfer between heterogeneous CAD, CAE and CAM systems and it replaces IGES and DXF files. Extracting the necessary information from an exchange file to generate manufacturing parameters becomes an important task. In this paper we present the model of our research effort which is intended to extract the geometric information of rotational parts from STEP file, and utilize this information to recognize the turning features. A generalized Java code has been written to extract the data from STEP file and to recognize the features. The novel approach proposed to extract feature information from STEP files and further integration with STEP-NC file provides as a seamless integration technique of CAD/CAPP/CAM. The approach was tested by several examples for rotational parts.
THE EFFICACY OF REINFORCEMENT TECHNIQUE ON THE FLY ASH STABILIZED EXPANSIVE SOIL AS A SUBGRADE EMBANKMENT FOR HIGHWAYS
KOTESWARA RAO.D
International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology , 2011,
Abstract: The most significant factor that influencing the design thickness of a flexible pavement overlay is rebound deformation from repeated load application and subgrade support values . It is essential to stabilize and reinforce the poor soils to bear the traffic intensity or truck loading. Different types of materials are provided with stabilization techniques to achieve suitable performance and to reduce maintenance costs and also to provide required service life for the subgrade embankments. In the present study, the effect of geo-textile as a reinforcement in the sub grade embankment is verified by conducting cyclic plate load tests. Locally available soil is mixed with optimum of fly ash and then this mixer is stabilized with optimum of CaCl2 for the construction of sub grade embankment with and with out reinforcement. Compaction properties and C.B.R values are determined for the locally available soil and categorized as CH soil as per IS classification, fly ash, fly ash - CaCl2 mix with the CH soil. The introduction of geo-textile has been reduced the deformation and increased the load carrying capacity as was revealed by cyclic plate load tests.
Familial Multiple Trichoepitheliomas
Subba Rao D
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology , 2000,
Abstract: A male aged 35 years presented with large number of lesions on the face, neck, chest and back, since adolescence. Similar lesions were present in many other members of the family. The large number of lesions and the large pedigree of cases in the family made the case an interesting one to report.
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