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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 225660 matches for " Cynthia R. Cimino "
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Soft X-ray reflectivity: from quasi-perfect mirrors to accelerator walls
F. Sch？fers,R. Cimino
Physics , 2013, DOI: 10.5170/CERN-2013-002.105
Abstract: Reflection of light from surfaces is a very common, but complex phenomenon not only in science and technology, but in every day life. The underlying basic optical principles have been developed within the last five centuries using visible light available from the sun or other laboratory light sources. X-rays were detected in 1895, and the full potential of soft- and hard-x ray radiation as a probe for the electronic and geometric properties of matter, for material analysis and its characterisation is available only since the advent of synchrotron radiation sources some 50 years ago. On the other hand high-brilliance and high power synchrotron radiation of present-days 3rd and 4th generation light sources is not always beneficial. Highenergy machines and accelerator-based light sources can suffer from a serious performance drop or limitations due to interaction of the synchrotron radiation with the accelerator walls, thus producing clouds of photoelectrons (e-cloud) which in turn interact with the accelerated beam. Thus the suitable choice of accelerator materials and their surface coating, which determines the x-ray optical behaviour is of utmost importance to achieve ultimate emittance. Basic optical principles and examples on reflectivity for selected materials are given here.
Fotografie riprese ad alta quota per mezzo di palloni durante l'eclisse totale di sole del 15-2-1961
r. CIALDEA,m. CIMINO,g. FEA
Annals of Geophysics , 1962, DOI: 10.4401/ag-5422
Abstract: .
Social Activity and Cognitive Functioning Over Time: A Coordinated Analysis of Four Longitudinal Studies
Cassandra L. Brown,Laura E. Gibbons,Robert F. Kennison,Annie Robitaille,Magnus Lindwall,Meghan B. Mitchell,Steven D. Shirk,Alireza Atri,Cynthia R. Cimino,Andreana Benitez,Stuart W. S. MacDonald,Elizabeth M. Zelinski,Sherry L. Willis,K. Warner Schaie,Boo Johansson,Roger A. Dixon,Dan M. Mungas,Scott M. Hofer,Andrea M. Piccinin
Journal of Aging Research , 2012, DOI: 10.1155/2012/287438
Abstract: Social activity is typically viewed as part of an engaged lifestyle that may help mitigate the deleterious effects of advanced age on cognitive function. As such, social activity has been examined in relation to cognitive abilities later in life. However, longitudinal evidence for this hypothesis thus far remains inconclusive. The current study sought to clarify the relationship between social activity and cognitive function over time using a coordinated data analysis approach across four longitudinal studies. A series of multilevel growth models with social activity included as a covariate is presented. Four domains of cognitive function were assessed: reasoning, memory, fluency, and semantic knowledge. Results suggest that baseline social activity is related to some, but not all, cognitive functions. Baseline social activity levels failed to predict rate of decline in most cognitive abilities. Changes in social activity were not consistently associated with cognitive functioning. Our findings do not provide consistent evidence that changes in social activity correspond to immediate benefits in cognitive functioning, except perhaps for verbal fluency. 1. Introduction Cognitive decline in older adulthood remains an area of great concern as the population ages. Some changes in cognitive function, such as decreased processing speed, are considered normative aspects of the aging process [1]. However, the impact of even mild cognitive impairment on functional capacity highlights the importance of maintaining cognitive function for as long as possible [2]. Substantial evidence suggests that lifestyle factors and cognitive function in older adulthood are related [3]. Sometimes summarized by the adage “use it or lose it,” current evidence suggests that leading an active lifestyle “using it” may buffer the effects of age-related cognitive decline “losing it” [3–5]. The mechanisms by which an active and engaged lifestyle may be related to better or preserved cognitive function in older adulthood remain to be fully elucidated. However, the cognitive reserve hypothesis predicts that some individuals are better able to withstand the physiological insults to the brain without measurable cognitive deficits because they had greater capacity to begin with [6]. Individuals may be able to actively increase their “reserve” through engaging in cognitively stimulating activities [3]. Social activities are considered part of what constitutes an active and engaged lifestyle, alongside cognitive and physical activities [3, 4, 7–9]. However, the evidence for a relationship
Cognitively Stimulating Activities: Effects on Cognition across Four Studies with up to 21 Years of Longitudinal Data
Meghan B. Mitchell,Cynthia R. Cimino,Andreana Benitez,Cassandra L. Brown,Laura E. Gibbons,Robert F. Kennison,Steven D. Shirk,Alireza Atri,Annie Robitaille,Stuart W. S. MacDonald,Magnus Lindwall,Elizabeth M. Zelinski,Sherry L. Willis,K. Warner Schaie,Boo Johansson,Roger A. Dixon,Dan M. Mungas,Scott M. Hofer,Andrea M. Piccinin
Journal of Aging Research , 2012, DOI: 10.1155/2012/461592
Abstract: Engagement in cognitively stimulating activities has been considered to maintain or strengthen cognitive skills, thereby minimizing age-related cognitive decline. While the idea that there may be a modifiable behavior that could lower risk for cognitive decline is appealing and potentially empowering for older adults, research findings have not consistently supported the beneficial effects of engaging in cognitively stimulating tasks. Using observational studies of naturalistic cognitive activities, we report a series of mixed effects models that include baseline and change in cognitive activity predicting cognitive outcomes over up to 21 years in four longitudinal studies of aging. Consistent evidence was found for cross-sectional relationships between level of cognitive activity and cognitive test performance. Baseline activity at an earlier age did not, however, predict rate of decline later in life, thus not supporting the concept that engaging in cognitive activity at an earlier point in time increases one's ability to mitigate future age-related cognitive decline. In contrast, change in activity was associated with relative change in cognitive performance. Results therefore suggest that change in cognitive activity from one's previous level has at least a transitory association with cognitive performance measured at the same point in time. 1. Introduction With the rising proportion of older adults and increases in life expectancy [1], there has been increased interest in maintaining and promoting cognitive health in later life. Although declines in some domains of cognition are part of the natural course of aging [2, 3], sufficient evidence from prospective and observational studies indicates that the trajectories and outcomes of cognitive decline may be mitigated by participating in cognitively stimulating activities [4, 5]. Recent reviews of cognitive interventions suggest some potential benefits that may improve functioning in healthy older adults or slow decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and those already affected with dementia [6–9]. Results from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in healthy aging revealed a strong positive effect on cognition at immediate, medium-, and long-term followup after cognitive training [10]. Compelling results from large longitudinal studies have also shown that engagement in everyday cognitive activities predicts preserved cognition [11, 12] and decreases in incident Alzheimer’s disease [13]. It is therefore not surprising that the market for “brain fitness” technologies,
Dynamic Associations of Change in Physical Activity and Change in Cognitive Function: Coordinated Analyses of Four Longitudinal Studies
Magnus Lindwall,Cynthia R. Cimino,Laura E. Gibbons,Meghan B. Mitchell,Andreana Benitez,Cassandra L. Brown,Robert F. Kennison,Steven D. Shirk,Alireza Atri,Annie Robitaille,Stuart W. S. MacDonald,Elizabeth M. Zelinski,Sherry L. Willis,K. Warner Schaie,Boo Johansson,Marcus Praetorius,Roger A. Dixon,Dan M. Mungas,Scott M. Hofer,Andrea M. Piccinin
Journal of Aging Research , 2012, DOI: 10.1155/2012/493598
Abstract: The present study used a coordinated analyses approach to examine the association of physical activity and cognitive change in four longitudinal studies. A series of multilevel growth models with physical activity included both as a fixed (between-person) and time-varying (within-person) predictor of four domains of cognitive function (reasoning, memory, fluency, and semantic knowledge) was used. Baseline physical activity predicted fluency, reasoning and memory in two studies. However, there was a consistent pattern of positive relationships between time-specific changes in physical activity and time-specific changes in cognition, controlling for expected linear trajectories over time, across all four studies. This pattern was most evident for the domains of reasoning and fluency. 1. Introduction Previous research has clearly demonstrated that cognitive change in old age does not occur in a homogenous manner for all individuals [1–3]. A number of predictors of cognitive change in old age have been identified, such as education, hypertension, objective indices of health and cardiovascular disease, and apolipoprotein E [4]. Regular engagement in different types of activities may also influence cognitive change. More specifically, according to the “use it or lose it” hypothesis [5], regular engagement in different activities may buffer age-related decline in cognitive functioning. A number of studies have found that general lifestyle activity engagement (often operationalized as the combination of intellectual, social, and physical activities) is associated with cognitive change [6–8] and that decline in activity in older age is associated with decline in cognitive functioning. In addition to general activity, other studies have specifically targeted the association of physical activity with cognitive change. Indeed, a growing body of the literature highlights the potential benefits of physical activity on the structure and function of the brain [9, 10]. The first line of evidence for the relationship between physical activity and cognition comes from a number of cross-sectional studies demonstrating that physically active older adults have higher cognitive performance and functioning compared with less active older adults [11, 12]. However, the evidence derived from these cross-sectional studies is limited, as it is not. possible to draw conclusions in terms of more complex associations of change. Stronger evidence may be found in longitudinal studies. Longitudinal studies may be viewed as the second line of evidence, offering valuable information on the
Polarization measurements and their perspectives: PVLAS Phase II
G. Cantatore,R. Cimino,M. Karuza,V. Lozza,G. Raiteri
Physics , 2008,
Abstract: We sketch the proposal for a "PVLAS-Phase II" experiment. The main physics goal is to achieve the first direct observation of non-linear effects in electromagnetism predicted by QED and the measurement of the photon-photon scattering cross section at low energies (1-2 eV). Physical processes such as ALP and MCP production in a magnetic field could also be accessible if sensitive enough operation is reached. The short term experimental strategy is to compact as much as possible the dimensions of the apparatus in order to bring noise sources under control and to attain a sufficient sensitivity. We will also briefly mention future pespectives, such as a scheme to implement the resonant regeneration principle for the detection of ALPs.
Maps for Electron Clouds: Application to LHC Conditioning
T. Demma,R. Cimino,A. Drago,S. Petracca,A. Stabile
Physics , 2010,
Abstract: In this communication we present a generalization of the map formalism, introduced in [1] and [2], to the analysis of electron flux at the chamber wall with particular reference to the exploration of LHC conditioning scenarios.
L'approccio psicoterapeutico alle vittime di violenza: una prospettiva fenomenologica/L'approche psychothérapeutique chez les victimes de violence : une perspective phénoménologique/he Psychoterapeutic Approach to Victims of Violence: a Phenomenological Perspective
Cimino Luca
Rivista di Criminologia, Vittimologia e Sicurezza , 2011,
Abstract: L’autore affronta il problema della psicoterapia della vittima di violenza indicando i principi generali che ne devonoguidare lo svolgimento e proponendo, fra i vari modelli possibili, un paradigma di cura fenomenologicamente fondatoche, per le sue intrinseche caratteristiche, appare particolarmente idoneo a consentire quell’adattamento umano aglieventi traumatici che rappresenta l’avvio di ogni processo di guarigione.RésuméL’auteur aborde le problème de la psychothérapie chez la victime de violence en indiquant les principes généraux quidoivent guider son déroulement, et en proposant, parmi les différents modèles possibles, un paradigme de traitementphénoménologiquement fondé. Ce dernier para t, pour ses caractéristiques intrinsèques, particulièrement approprié àl’adaptation des individus après les événements traumatiques, qui représente le début de chaque processus de guérison.AbstractThe author addresses the problem of psychotherapy of victims of violence indicating the general principles that shouldguide its development thus proposing a phenomenological perspective as one of the possible models. Owing to itsintrinsic characteristics, this perspective seems particularly appropriate to allow that sort of human adaptation necessaryto begin a healing process after encountering a traumatic event.
I comportamenti violenti nel sonno REM: aspetti clinici, criminologici e medico-legali / Les comportements violents pendant le sommeil MOR : aspects cliniques, criminologiques et médico-légaux / The Violent Behaviour in REM Sleep-related: Clinical, Criminological and Forensic Aspects
Cimino Luca
Rivista di Criminologia, Vittimologia e Sicurezza , 2011,
Abstract: The violent behaviour of sleep represents a new frontier of forensic interest. After examining the clinical aspects of a particular form of parasomnia related to REM stage of sleep, called REM Behavior Disorder-RBD, the author highlights the criminological and forensic implications emphasizing the distinctive features in terms of responsibility and imputability.Les comportements violents pendant le sommeil MOR représentent une nouvelle “frontière” d’intérêt de la psychologie médico-légale. Après avoir examiné les aspects cliniques d’une forme particulière de parasomnie liée à la phase MOR du sommeil (denominata REM Behaviour Disorders-RBD, l’auteur de l’article met en évidence ses implications criminologiques et médico-légales; en outre, il souligne les aspects particuliers de cette parasomnie en matière de responsabilité et d’imputabilité.I comportamenti violenti del sonno rappresentano una nuova “frontiera” di interesse forense. L’autore, dopo aver esaminato gli aspetti clinici di una particolare forma di parasonnia legata alla fase REM del sonno, denominata REM Behaviour Disorders-RBD, ne sottolinea le implicazioni criminologiche e medico-legali sottolineandone gli aspetti peculiari in tema di colpa ed imputabilità.
Water and Time’s Illusion: Two Purā ic Tales from Bertolucci’s Films L’acqua e l’illusione del tempo: due racconti purā ici nei film di Bertolucci
Alessandro Cimino
Between , 2012,
Abstract: In Bernanrdo Bertolucci’s film Prima della Rivoluzione (1964) is narrated an Indian tale about time’s flimsiness; in 2002 the same film-maker realized a short on the same theme, Histoire d’eaux, for the collective cine-production Ten Minutes Older: The Cello. Nobody has never observed that same tales very similar to Bertolucci’s one in the up-mentioned films are narrated also in two ancient Sanskrit works: the Brahmapurā a and the Varāhapurā a. The cited tale in Bertolucci’s two films should prove the fact that time is an illusion, a false perception. In the up-mentioned Sanskrit works this theme is more complex, it would demonstrate that not only time’s perception doesn’t exist, but also that every perception is flimsy including everyone’s perception of life. The theoretical constant between all these literary and cine narrations stays at the particular water’s symbology containing the emblem of the continuous and, at the same time, fixed becoming. This essay ought to analyse the narrative and ideological evolution of the Indian tale, the stylistic variations found among the individual claims of the story, both in the Sanskrit literature and in Bertolucci’s cine-production, as well as the intermedial translations from a code to another one. In Prima della rivoluzione (1964) di Bernardo Bertolucci è raccontata una favola indiana sull’inconsistenza del tempo; nel 2002 il regista realizza un cortometraggio sulla stessa storia, Histoire d’eaux, per il film collettivo Ten Minutes Older: The Cello. Nessuno ha mai notato che storie simili a quella realizzata da Bertolucci nei film menzionati sono narrate anche in due antiche opere sanscrite: il Brahmapurā a e il Varāhapurā a. La favola citata da Bertolucci nei suoi due film vuole dimostrare che il tempo è un’illusione, una falsa percezione; nei testi sanscriti menzionati il discorso è più ampio, si vuole dimostrare non solo che la percezione del tempo non esiste, ma che qualsiasi percezione è illusoria, anche quella della propria vita. La costante teorica delle diverse narrazioni, sia letterarie sia cinematografiche, risiede nella particolare simbologia assunta dall’acqua, emblema del continuo divenire che resta pur sempre immobile. Il saggio indaga pertanto l’evoluzione narrativa e ideologica della storia indiana, le variazioni stilistiche che si possono osservare tra le singole attestazioni della favola, sia all’interno della letteratura sanscrita sia all’interno della produzione cinematografica di Bertolucci, nonché la traduzione intermediale riscontrabile nel passaggio da un codice all’altro.
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