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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 99684 matches for " Yi-Jyun Chen "
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Exploring the Environmental Physiology of the Indo-Pacific Reef Coral Seriatopora hystrix with Differential Proteomics  [PDF]
Anderson B. Mayfield, Yi-Jyun Chen, Chi-Yu Lu, Chii-Shiarng Chen
Open Journal of Marine Science (OJMS) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/ojms.2018.82012
Abstract:
Although reef-building corals are threatened by a number of anthropogenic impacts, certain scleractinian-dinoflagellate (genus Symbiodinium) endosymbioses have proven markedly resilient to environmental change. For instance, corals from upwelling habitats of Southern Taiwan withstand both short- and long-term increases in temperature, potentially due to their routine exposure to highly variable temperature regimes in situ. To gain a greater understanding of the proteomic basis for such acclimatization to unstable environmental conditions, specimens of the Indo-Pacific reef-building coral Seriatopora hystrix Dana 1846 were sampled during a period of stable temperature conditions from 1) a site characterized by frequent upwelling events in Southern Taiwan and 2) a nearby, non-upwelling control site in the Taiwan Strait. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by sequencing of differentially concentrated proteins with mass spectrometry unveiled significantly more proteins involved in the cellular stress response in coral hosts of the upwelling site. Although such stress protein signatures could be indicative of sub-lethal levels of cellular stress, especially given the relatively higher sediment loads characteristic of the upwelling site, these proteins may, in contrast, have been constitutively maintained at high levels in preparation for large fluctuations in temperature and other abiotic parameters (e.g., nutrient levels) brought upon by upwelling events.
MicroRNA-449a Enhances Radiosensitivity in CL1-0 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Yi-Jyun Liu, Yu-Fen Lin, Yi-Fan Chen, En-Ching Luo, Yuh-Ping Sher, Mong-Hsun Tsai, Eric Y. Chuang, Liang-Chuan Lai
PLOS ONE , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062383
Abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Radiotherapy is often applied for treating lung cancer, but it often fails because of the relative non-susceptibility of lung cancer cells to radiation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to modulate the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells and have the potential to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to identify a miRNA that can adjust radiosensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (CL1-0 and CL1-5) with different metastatic ability and radiosensitivity were used. In order to understand the regulatory mechanisms of differential radiosensitivity in these isogenic tumor cells, both CL1-0 and CL1-5 were treated with 10 Gy radiation, and were harvested respectively at 0, 1, 4, and 24 h after radiation exposure. The changes in expression of miRNA upon irradiation were examined using Illumina Human microRNA BeadChips. Twenty-six miRNAs were identified as having differential expression post-irradiation in CL1-0 or CL1-5 cells. Among these miRNAs, miR-449a, which was down-regulated in CL1-0 cells at 24 h after irradiation, was chosen for further investigation. Overexpression of miR-449a in CL1-0 cells effectively increased irradiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, altered the cell cycle distribution and eventually led to sensitization of CL1-0 to irradiation.
Topical application of marine briarane-type diterpenes effectively inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammation and dermatitis in murine skin
Wen-Chi Wei, Sheng-Yen Lin, Yi-Jyun Chen, Chih-Chun Wen, Chiung-Yao Huang, Arulselvan Palanisamy, Ning-Sun Yang, Jyh-Horng Sheu
Journal of Biomedical Science , 2011, DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-18-94
Abstract: Evans blue dye exudation was used to determine vascular permeability. H&E-stained skin section was used to determine the formation of edema in mouse abdominal skin. We also used immunohistochemistry staining and western blot assays to evaluate the activation of specific inflammation makers and key mediators of signaling pathway in the mouse skin. Furthermore, mouse bone marrow DCs were used to determine the relationship between the chemical structure of BrDs and their regulation of DC function.BrD1 remarkably suppressed TPA-induced vascular permeability and edema in skin. At the biochemical level, BrD1 inhibited TPA-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase-9, the key indicators of cutaneous inflammation. This inhibition was apparently mediated by interference with the Akt/NF-κB-mediated signaling network. BrD1 also inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The 8, 17-epoxide of BrDs played a crucial role in the inhibition of IL-6 expression, and replacement of the C-12 hydroxyl group with longer esters in BrDs gradually decreased this inhibitory activity.Our results suggest that BrDs warrant further investigation as natural immunomodulatory agents for control of inflammatory skin diseases.Skin is the largest organ in the body. As the primary interface between the body and environment, it serves as the first line of defense against microbial pathogens as well as physical and chemical stress or insults [1,2]. The skin does not only serve as a physical and a chemical barrier, but is also an immune-competent organ that elicits effective innate and adaptive immune responses to protect the human body. The cutaneous immune system maintains a balance between restricting excessive inflammation following tissue damage or injury and preserving the ability to rapidly respond to pathogen infection [3]. It is clear that inadequate or misdirected immune response is involved in the pathogenesis of a varie
Opposing Nodal and BMP Signals Regulate Left–Right Asymmetry in the Sea Urchin Larva
Yi-Jyun Luo,Yi-Hsien Su
PLOS Biology , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001402
Abstract: Nodal and BMP signals are important for establishing left-right (LR) asymmetry in vertebrates. In sea urchins, Nodal signaling prevents the formation of the rudiment on the right side. However, the opposing pathway to Nodal signaling during LR axis establishment is not clear. Here, we revealed that BMP signaling is activated in the left coelomic pouch, specifically in the veg2 lineage, but not in the small micromeres. By perturbing BMP activities, we demonstrated that BMP signaling is required for activating the expression of the left-sided genes and the formation of the left-sided structures. On the other hand, Nodal signals on the right side inhibit BMP signaling and control LR asymmetric separation and apoptosis of the small micromeres. Our findings show that BMP signaling is the positive signal for left-sided development in sea urchins, suggesting that the opposing roles of Nodal and BMP signals in establishing LR asymmetry are conserved in deuterostomes.
Opposing Nodal and BMP Signals Regulate Left–Right Asymmetry in the Sea Urchin Larva
Yi-Jyun Luo,Yi-Hsien Su
PLOS Biology , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001402
Abstract: Nodal and BMP signals are important for establishing left-right (LR) asymmetry in vertebrates. In sea urchins, Nodal signaling prevents the formation of the rudiment on the right side. However, the opposing pathway to Nodal signaling during LR axis establishment is not clear. Here, we revealed that BMP signaling is activated in the left coelomic pouch, specifically in the veg2 lineage, but not in the small micromeres. By perturbing BMP activities, we demonstrated that BMP signaling is required for activating the expression of the left-sided genes and the formation of the left-sided structures. On the other hand, Nodal signals on the right side inhibit BMP signaling and control LR asymmetric separation and apoptosis of the small micromeres. Our findings show that BMP signaling is the positive signal for left-sided development in sea urchins, suggesting that the opposing roles of Nodal and BMP signals in establishing LR asymmetry are conserved in deuterostomes.
Characterization of in Vitro Modified Human Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles and Phospholipids by Capillary Electrophoresis
Yi-Ning Liu,Ting-Yu Shu,Huai-Guang Xie,Wei-Ting Lai,Yi-Han Liao,Mei-Yu Su,You-Sian Lin,Yen-Yi Chen,Yi-Jyun Lin,Chin-Pong Chong,Mine-Yine Liu
International Journal of Molecular Sciences , 2012, DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216400
Abstract: A simple capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method was used to characterize human very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles for four healthy donors. One major peak was observed for native, in vitro oxidized and glycated VLDL particles. The effective mobilities and peak areas of the capillary electrophoresis (CE) profiles showed good reproducibility and precision. The mobility of the oxidized VLDL peak was higher than that of the native VLDL. The mobility of the glycated VLDL peak was similar to that of the native VLDL. Phospholipids isolated from VLDL particles were analyzed by our recently developed micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with a high-salt stacking method. At absorbance 200 nm, the native VLDL phospholipids showed a major peak and a minor peak for each donor. For oxidized VLDL phospholipids, the area of the major peak reduced for three donors, possibly due to phospholipid decomposition. For glycated VLDL phospholipids, the peak mobilities were more positive than native VLDL phospholipids for two donors, possibly due to phospholipid-linked advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Very interestingly, at absorbance 234 nm, the major peak of oxidized VLDL phospholipids was resolved as two peaks for each donor, possibly due to conjugated dienes formed upon oxidation.
AMG 837: A Novel GPR40/FFA1 Agonist that Enhances Insulin Secretion and Lowers Glucose Levels in Rodents
Daniel C.-H. Lin, Jane Zhang, Run Zhuang, Frank Li, Kathy Nguyen, Michael Chen, Thanhvien Tran, Edwin Lopez, Jenny Ying Lin Lu, Xiaoyan Nina Li, Liang Tang, George R. Tonn, Gayathri Swaminath, Jeff D. Reagan, Jin-Long Chen, Hui Tian, Yi-Jyun Lin, Jonathan B. Houze, Jian Luo
PLOS ONE , 2011, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027270
Abstract: Agonists of GPR40 (FFA1) have been proposed as a means to treat type 2 diabetes. Through lead optimization of a high throughput screening hit, we have identified a novel GPR40 agonist called AMG 837. The objective of these studies was to understand the preclinical pharmacological properties of AMG 837. The activity of AMG 837 on GPR40 was characterized through GTPγS binding, inositol phosphate accumulation and Ca2+ flux assays. Activity of AMG 837 on insulin release was assessed on isolated primary mouse islets. To determine the anti-diabetic activity of AMG 837 in vivo, we tested AMG 837 using a glucose tolerance test in normal Sprague-Dawley rats and obese Zucker fatty rats. AMG 837 was a potent partial agonist in the calcium flux assay on the GPR40 receptor and potentiated glucose stimulated insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo. Acute administration of AMG 837 lowered glucose excursions and increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion during glucose tolerance tests in both normal and Zucker fatty rats. The improvement in glucose excursions persisted following daily dosing of AMG 837 for 21-days in Zucker fatty rats. Preclinical studies demonstrated that AMG 837 was a potent GPR40 partial agonist which lowered post-prandial glucose levels. These studies support the potential utility of AMG 837 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Pixel Discontinuity Repairing for Push-Broom Orthorectified Images  [PDF]
Jyun-Yi Lai, Ming-Fu Chen, Han-Chao Chang
Journal of Software Engineering and Applications (JSEA) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2013.64A004
Abstract:

Pixel discontinuity in orthoimages occurs frequently due to altitude variations in the pitch and heading of an airplane, and low performance of real-time analyzing software. This study proposes a scheme to resolve pixel discontinuity. The proposed scheme includes the following steps: 1) capture images by a self-made hyperspectral imager; 2) determine the pixel locations of orthoimages using a top-down approach; 3) repair discontinuities by the Nearest Neighbor (NN) or Bilinear Interpolation (BL) approaches; and, 4) perform a dynamic range adjustment on the orthoimages, according to the maximum pixel value of the raw images and orthoimages. After applying the proposed scheme, this study found that pixel discontinuity was eliminated by both approaches, and that the software dependability and image quality were improved substantially. In addition, the computational efficiency of the NN approach was roughly two minutes faster than that of the BL due to its simpler computation. However, BL produces smoother image edges for landscapes.

Classification and regression tree analysis in acute coronary syndrome patients  [PDF]
Heng-Hsin Tung, Chiang-Yi Chen, Kuan-Chia Lin, Nai-Kuan Chou, Jyun-Yi Lee, Daniel L. Clinciu, Ru-Yu Lien
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases (WJCD) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/wjcd.2012.23030
Abstract: Objectives: The objectives of this study are to use CART (Classification and regression tree) and step-wise regression to 1) define the predictors of quality of life in ACS (acute coronary syndrome) patients, using demographics, ACS symptoms, and anxiety as independent variables; and 2) discuss and compare the results of these two statistical approaches. Back- ground: In outcome studies of ACS, CART is a good alternative approach to linear regression; however, CART is rarely used. Methods: A descriptive survey design was used with 100 samples recruited. Result and Conclusions: Anxiety is the most significant predictor and also a stronger predictor than symptoms of ACS for the quality of life. The anxiety level patients experienced at the time heart attack occurred can be used to predict quality of life a month later. Furthermore, the majority of ACS patients experienced a moderate to high level of anxiety during a heart attack.
Performance evaluation on an air-cooled heat exchanger for alumina nanofluid under laminar flow
Teng Tun-Ping,Hung Yi-Hsuan,Teng Tun-Chien,Chen Jyun-Hong
Nanoscale Research Letters , 2011,
Abstract: This study analyzes the characteristics of alumina (Al2O3)/water nanofluid to determine the feasibility of its application in an air-cooled heat exchanger for heat dissipation for PEMFC or electronic chip cooling. The experimental sample was Al2O3/water nanofluid produced by the direct synthesis method at three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt.%). The experiments in this study measured the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid with weight fractions and sample temperatures (20-60°C), and then used the nanofluid in an actual air-cooled heat exchanger to assess its heat exchange capacity and pressure drop under laminar flow. Experimental results show that the nanofluid has a higher heat exchange capacity than water, and a higher concentration of nanoparticles provides an even better ratio of the heat exchange. The maximum enhanced ratio of heat exchange and pressure drop for all the experimental parameters in this study was about 39% and 5.6%, respectively. In addition to nanoparticle concentration, the temperature and mass flow rates of the working fluid can affect the enhanced ratio of heat exchange and pressure drop of nanofluid. The cross-section aspect ratio of tube in the heat exchanger is another important factor to be taken into consideration.
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