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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 638296 matches for " Maria do Carmo C.S.H.;Villalobos "
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Pathogenicity of different rabies virus isolates and protection test in vaccinated mice
Cunha, Elenice M.S.;Nassar, Alessandra F.C.;Lara, Maria do Carmo C.S.H.;Villalobos, Eliana C.M.;Sato, Go;Kobayashi, Yuki;Shoji, Youko;Itou, Takuya;Sakai, Takeo;Ito, Fumio H.;
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S？o Paulo , 2010, DOI: 10.1590/S0036-46652010000500002
Abstract: this study was aimed to evaluate and compare the pathogenicity of rabies virus isolated from bats and dogs, and to verify the efficacy of a commercial rabies vaccine against these isolates. for evaluation of pathogenicity, mice were inoculated by the intramuscular route (im) with 500micld50/0.03ml of the viruses. the cross-protection test was performed by vaccinating groups of mice by the subcutaneous route and challenged through the intracerebral (ic) route. isolates were fully pathogenic when inoculated by the ic route. when inoculated intramuscularly, the pathogenicity observed showed different death rates: 60.0% for the desmodus rotundus isolate; 50.0% for dog and nyctinomops laticaudatus isolates; 40.0% for artibeus lituratus isolate; 9.5% molossus molossus isolate; and 5.2% for the eptesicus furinalis isolate. mice receiving two doses of the vaccine and challenged by the ic route with the isolates were fully protected. mice receiving only one dose of vaccine were partially protected against the dog isolate. the isolates from bats were pathogenic by the ic route in mice. however, when inoculated through the intramuscular route, the same isolates were found with different degrees of pathogenicity. the results of this work suggest that a commercial vaccine protects mice from infection with bat rabies virus isolates, in addition to a canine rabies virus isolate.
USE OF CONVERGENT MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN THE LIVES OF SMALL FARMERS IN RURAL INDIA
C.S.H.N.Murthy
The Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education , 2009,
Abstract: The continuous rise in the number of suicides among Indian rural based farmers is not solely due to lack of funds or failure of crops or huge amount of interests on debts. Many a time the farmers are in daze triggered by the panic and fear both of which are due to lack of information backed by appropriate technologies. Lack of information about the appropriate crop patterns the farmers should choose depending on the market demands and remunerative prices, availability of water, supply of seeds for sowing, proper knowledge of the use of manures and ways to avoid over use of pesticides--did contribute to the ever increasing number of suicides in the regions of Vidharbha and Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Government machinery comprising Agricultural extension officers, backed by the Agricultural programs on Radio and TV could hardly meet the information required for these farmers affected with the compounding problems. Use of convergent mobile technologies with the internet and e-mail facilities is the need of the hour. The latest data drawn from the IMRB survey (The I-Cube 2007) indicated that internet usage in India has grown by more than 11 times over the last seven years. The internet expansion is seen moving down from the metros to towns with population less than half a million with the number of users up by 69 times since 2007. In the last two years, 2005 and 2006, on an average 4.5 million new mobile subscribers were added every month. Convergent mobile technologies with wide range of mobiles and packages being available now hold the promise of offering basic literacy and numeracy skills accessible to the small farmers in India, besides a lot of information concerning the availability of loans at lower interest through banks and self-help groups, crop patterns, remunerative prices for the produce, export norms for the crops, e-marketing and e-commerce, etc, The paper outlines a visualization of such an optimistic design of use of convergent mobile technologies.
Evaluation of enterovirus 71 immune status in S？o Paulo state, Brazil
Luchs, Adriana;Cilli, Audrey;Russo, Denise H.;Costa, Fernanda F.;Carmona, Rita de Cássia C.;Timenetsky, Maria do Carmo S.T.;
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S？o Paulo , 2010, DOI: 10.1590/S0036-46652010000600010
Abstract: antibodies to enterovirus 71 (ev71) were evaluated in s？o paulo state during 1999-2005. the titer of neutralizing antibodies against ev71 was determined by microneutralization assay, and a titer of > 1:8 was defined as indicative of protected immunity. neutralizing antibodies to ev71 were observed in 12.4% (55/442) of sera samples, a low protective rate, suggesting that ev71 infection is uncommon in this region, but that there is a relatively high susceptibility to ev71 related diseases, which is worrying considering the recent asian outbreaks. also, a significant location-specific difference in seropositivity was observed. neutralizing antibodies to ev71 were observed in 8.7% (21/241) of s？o paulo metropolitan area sera samples, and 16.9% (34/201) of the sera samples from other municipalities. a high number of brazilian residents live in country and coastal areas without adequate access to piped water or sanitation. this situation may contribute to the ev71 dissemination in these zones. the analysis of environmental samples could possibly make a valuable contribution to studies on the epidemiology of ev71.
Meningite pneumocócica na infancia: características clínicas, sorotipos mais prevalentes e prognóstico
Berezin, Eitan N.;Carvalho, Luiza H.;Lopes, Claudia R.;Sanajotta, Andréia T.;Brandileone, Maria Cristina C.;Menegatti, Sonia;Safadi, Marco A.;Guerra, Maria Luiza C.S.;
Jornal de Pediatria , 2002, DOI: 10.1590/S0021-75572002000100006
Abstract: objective: to determine mortality, morbidity, antimicrobial susceptibility and the most frequent serotypes in children admitted to hospital due to pneumococcal meningitis methods: patients with meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae detected by culture in cerebrospinal fluid or blood, aged between 1 month and 15 years old, admitted to two hospitals in the city of s？o paulo, were included in the study. susceptibility to penicillin was determined by the disk diffusion test using oxacillin 1 μg disk. if the inhibition area with oxacillin disk was less than 20mm, the strains were tested for penicillin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, vancomycin and sulfamethoxazole /trimethoprim using the e test.results: we identified 55 patients, 52.5% of which were younger than 6 months. the prevalence of penicillin-nonsusceptible strains was 36%. all the strains were intermediately resistant (0.1mg/ ml ￡ mic￡ 1.0 mg/ ml) and 35% of the penicillin intermediate resistant strains were resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. the mortality rate was 20% and impaired neurological outcome was present in 40% of the children. the audiometric test revealed alteration in 60% of the children tested. age less than 6 months was associated with poor outcome. the most frequent serotypes were 1, 5, 6b, 14, 19a and 23f, and 70% of the serotypes were included in the new 7-valent vaccine.conclusions: these findings suggest that pneumococcal meningitis presents high mortality and morbidity and that the 7-valent conjugate vaccine would be potentially useful in preventing serious pneumococcal infections.
Isolamento do vírus da raiva em Artibeus fimbriatus no Estado de S？o Paulo
Cunha,Elenice M Sequetin; Lara,Maria do Carmo C S H; Nassar,Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro; Sodré,Miriam M; Amaral,Luis Flávio Vani;
Revista de Saúde Pública , 2005, DOI: 10.1590/S0034-89102005000400025
Abstract: this is the first report of the isolation and identification of the rabies virus in the frugivorous bat artibeus fimbriatus in the city of sao josé do rio preto, sao paulo state, brazil. the virus was isolated from an animal found in an urban area. the animal was found on the ground under a tree, still alive. diagnosis was made by direct immunofluorescence and intracerebral inoculation of mice.
Differences in secondary metabolites from leaf extracts of Mikania glomerata Sprengel obtained by micropropagation and cuttings
Taleb-Contini, Silvia H.;Santos, Pierre A.;Veneziani, Rodrigo C.S.;Pereira, Ana Maria S.;Fran？a, Suzelei C.;Lopes, Norberto P.;Oliveira, Dionéia C.R.;
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S0102-695X2006000500003
Abstract: gc analysis of the dichloromethane extracts obtained from cultivated specimens of mikania glomerata sprengel possibilited to verify that cuttings technique led to production of kaurenoic acid and coumarin while the same results have not been observed by propagation process using in vitro techniques.
Alojamento conjunto e parto cesáreo em maternidades do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Oliveira,Maria Inês C. de; Leal,Maria do Carmo;
Revista de Saúde Pública , 1997, DOI: 10.1590/S0034-89101997000700005
Abstract: objective: to disclose the existence of rooming-in (ri) in public and government contracted private hospitals that offer obstetric beds, in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, and to examine whether there is any association between ri and another quality care indicator which influences breastfeeding, namely the rate of cesarean section operations performed in these hospitals. method: a survey was made of the existence of ri through a questionnaire sent to the municipal health offices, the information collected being confirmed by telephone with each maternity hospital. the c-section rate data was obtained from the rio de janeiro state health office and divided into 2 groups: "below 40%" and "40% and above". the prevalence ratio was applied to the measurement of the association between the variables. results: a rooming-in rate of 65.2% was found for the state as a whole, with regional variations: a better situation in the capital (84.8%), an intermediate one in the interior (69.9 %), and a worse one in the metropolitan belt (44.2%). the public maternity hospitals revealed a higher rate (89.7%) than that of the government contracted private hospitals (53.3%). a direct relation between the practice of ri and low c-section rates was found in the hospitals. however, this association did not present the same weight in all regions of the state. the lowest proportion of hospitals adopting ri was verified in the metropolitan belt, whereas the highest relative number of hospitals with high c-section rates was observed in the interior. conclusion: it is concluded that to reverse the observed status, government authorities must fulfil their gerencial role within their own health system, as well as in the government contracted private hospitals.
Alojamento conjunto e parto cesáreo em maternidades do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Oliveira Maria Inês C. de,Leal Maria do Carmo
Revista de Saúde Pública , 1997,
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Conhecer a existência de alojamento conjunto (AC) nos hospitais que possuem leitos obstétricos da rede pública e conveniada do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e verificar se o AC guarda associa o com outro indicador de qualidade de assistência que tem influência sobre o aleitamento materno: as taxas de cesárea (TC) praticadas por esses hospitais. METODOLOGIA: Procedeu-se a um levantamento sobre a existência de AC através de questionário enviado às Secretarias Municipais de Saúde, informa o validada por inquérito telef nico. As TC foram obtidas junto à Secretaria Estadual de Saúde-RJ. Foi utilizada a raz o de prevalência para a medida da associa o entre as variáveis. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada uma propor o de 65,2% das maternidades com AC, no Estado. Verificou-se rela o direta entre a presen a de AC e baixas taxas de cesárea no conjunto dos hospitais, porém essa associa o n o se confirmou com o mesmo peso em todas as regi es. A menor propor o de hospitais com AC foi verificada no cintur o metropolitano (44,2%), enquanto a maior propor o de hospitais com elevadas taxas de cesárea está no interior (73,1%).
Physical violence as educational practice
Carmo, Carolina Jacomini do;Harada, Maria de Jesus C. S.;
Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S0104-11692006000600004
Abstract: this descriptive and correlational study, carried out at a teaching hospital in 2004, aimed to get to know if, in the context of domestic violence, parents use physical violence as an educational practice. semistructured interviews were used to characterize the population, and situations of daily family life to identify parents' attitude in the education process. results: the most vulnerable situation to use physical punishment was disobedience to parents' predetermined orders (40%), followed by the situation when the child steals something (31.7%). the use of physical violence as a disciplinary practice was significant (p=0.020), associated with unemployment. forty percent of the population reported they imposed their will on their child, and 57% mentioned they had been physically punished by their parents in limit-imposing situations. knowledge and reflection on factors involving domestic violence are very important to consolidate prevention programs and which could generate a collective consciousness.
Sand Slurry Erosive Wear Behavior of Hot Extruded Al6061-SiC Composites  [PDF]
C.S. Ramesh, R. Keshavamurthy
Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering (JMMCE) , 2011, DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2011.106037
Abstract: Aluminum based composites are very popular in automotive and aerospace segments. In particular aluminum alloy-SiC composite systems are widely studied and seriously explored for various other applications in defense and space. However they have not been looked at as potential materials in naval and chemical applications where synergistic effects of both wear and corrosion need to be addressed to. This needs the assessment of wear behavior of composites. From the survey, it is evident that major focus is on mechanical and corrosion properties of cast composites. However, meager information is available as regards the slurry erosive wear behavior of cast and extruded metal matrix composites. In the light of the above, the present investigation is aimed at studying in detail the slurry erosive wear behavior of cast and hot extruded Al6061 and Al6061-SiC composites in sand slurry. Al6061-SiC composites have been prepared primarily by vortex method. Hot extrusion of these composites and the matrix alloy has been carried out at 550℃ using a 500T hydraulic press. Both as cast and hot extruded composites have been subjected to microstructure studies, microhardness, and slurry erosive wear tests. The hot extruded composites exhibit higher hardness, and slurry erosive wear resistance when compared with as cast alloy and its composites.
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