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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 7409 matches for " Chhaya Das "
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Open access and beyond
Shawn Mathur, Christian Schmidt, Chhaya Das, Philip W Tucker
Molecular Cancer , 2006, DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-5-35
Abstract: Scientists must be knowledgeable about recent developments in their areas of research. A good scientist reads publications and melds published evidence and theories with his or her own ideas and hypotheses to create refined experiments. The resulting proposal is then submitted to a granting agency. A decision is made about the quality of the proposal, and previously published articles are used as a benchmark of productivity and a predictor of future success. If a project is funded, experiments are then finalized, performed, analyzed, and discussed in collaboration with other laboratories. These observations, in turn, are shared more broadly with the research community via published articles that are quality controlled by the peer-review process. The accepted publication may lead to additional theories or, in rare cases, the complete understanding of a given problem.Does everybody have unfettered access to all information? The disappointing answer is no.Special interests, such as securing a monetary and/or intellectual advantage or even keeping a dictatorial government in power, may be sufficient enough to deprive a population of information. In this context, it remains to be debated whether barriers, by virtue of setting up limitations and providing high-level rewards for overcoming, are powerful stimuli for progress.Considerable progress has been made, however, regarding the distribution and availability of information. Development of the means to deliver ideas and published research findings – language barriers not considered – are as important as their distribution, storage and management. With connectivity to the Internet, nearly universal access to information is at hand. Unfortunately, censorship and connectivity barriers persist as powerful impediments that restrict access to data [1].In the case of scholarly communication, libraries have neither the capacity to store the physical content of all printed articles nor the budget to afford rising subscription pr
Towards Open Access
Gregory C Ippolito, Christian Schmidt, Chhaya Das, Philip W Tucker
Molecular Cancer , 2005, DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-4-20
Abstract: Publications are perhaps the sole currency of scientific research--for it is publications which beget funding, and in turn, funding which begets more publications--and as such they are vitally important to the career of any research scientist. How, when, and where the research is published can be as significant as the research results themselves since the influence of a research article may only be as potent as its ability to attract an audience of readers and thereby disseminate through the field.Indeed, the root of the word publication implies its dissemination to a public readership generally, and in this way the progress of science is archived in the historical record. True to this spirit, the NIH has initiated the Public Access Policy [1,2] and has created a single repository (PubMed Central, or PMC) to archive the corpus of biomedical research--past, present, and future. This Public Access Policy follows on the heels of a similar initiative in the United Kingdom last year when the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee recommended the promotion of Open Access in the UK to all publicly funded scientific research [4].The NIH proposal mandates Open Access, but only to those research articles deriving in part or whole from direct costs provided by NIH grants. Nonetheless, this policy will likely apply to a major fraction of all research publications. By its own estimation, the NIH currently funds at least ten percent (65,000 articles) of all biomedical literature annually [5]. Moreover, PubMed Central will further expand due to the continuing submission (since its inception in 2000) of all final articles published in Open Access journals. To date, PubMed Central [6] archives approximately 100,000 articles from over 130 biomedical journals. Such a single repository, covering the full spectrum of research literature and freely available to the world, is revolutionary. The NIH directive, although strongly encouraged, was issued merely as a "request," and s
Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Food Packaging Papers and Paperboards Used in India  [PDF]
Swati Sood, Chhaya Sharma
Journal of Environmental Protection (JEP) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jep.2019.103021
Abstract: In the present study, the varieties of papers and paperboards (PPBs) used in India for food packaging were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for the heavy metal contamination with the help of ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry). Total 10 different types of food packaging PPBs were procured from local market and analyzed for 14 heavy metals (Al, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Te, Ti and V). Quantities of heavy metals in the samples were compared with permitted values published by the European Council. Heavy metals like Al, As, Ba, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb and V were observed in more than the permitted concentration in some of the samples. Heavy metals toxicity in food packaging material is a serious concern as the edible items get exposed to these metals and also generate volatile odorous compounds which considerably impact the quality of food and affect consumer's health.
Remediation of Pulp and Paper Industry Effluent Using Electrocoagulation Process  [PDF]
Dushyant Kumar, Chhaya Sharma
Journal of Water Resource and Protection (JWARP) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2019.113017
Abstract: Electrocoagulation of pulp and paper industry effluent with SS-304 electrode has been carried out under varying process variable such as pH, current density, time and dose of electrolyte to find out the optimum conditions. Maximum reduction efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 82% and color more than 99% from pulp and paper industry wastewater at the following conditions pH = 7, current density = 24.80 mA/cm2 time = 40 min and dose of electrolytes = 1.0 g/L. Moreover, effects of electrolytes dosage on electricity consumption were observed and found to be that NaCl is better in comparison of Na2SO4 in respect of lower down the electricity consumption. But application of NaCl causes the formation of hazardous compounds as secondary pollutants within treated water. Therefore, Na2SO4 could be a potent replacement of NaCl to enhance the conductivity of paper industry effluent treated by EC process. The treated water has been compared with standard of Central Pollution control board (CPCB) and World Health organization, and found to be suitable for the reuse in irrigation.
Bacteria in Indian Food Packaging Papers and Paperboards with Various Contents of Pulp Fiber  [PDF]
Swati Sood, Chhaya Sharma
Food and Nutrition Sciences (FNS) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/fns.2019.104027
Abstract: The food packaging industry generally uses papers and paperboards (PPBs) especially for disposable products. According to the Framework Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004 of the European Union, no transfer of contamination should occur from food packaging material to the food items. The aim of this study was to determine the presence, numbers, source and different kinds of bacteria present in food packaging PPBs with various contents of pulp fiber. The samples were randomly collected from popular confectioners and fast food restaurants in Saharanpur, India. The results indicated the presence of bacteria in all the samples, ranging from 1.3 × 102 to 6.1 × 103 cfu/g. Most of the samples contained bacteria in more than the permitted concentration of 2.5 × 102 cfu/g as set by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The detected bacteria were from genera Bacillacea, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. According to the FDA declaration, pathogenic bacteria such as B. cereus and S. aureus have been associated with food borne diseases (FBD). Some contaminants in food packaging PPBs were found to be B. subtilis and P. aeroginosa, which produce enzymes like peroxidases and lipoxygenases that are odor generating enzymes.
Radio Measurements in the WiMAX Band of 2.3 GHz, in Coastal Zone for Different Transmitting Antenna Heights
Chhaya Dalela
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology , 2012,
Abstract: In this paper, comparison of propagation prediction models for WiMAX at 2.3 GHz for different transmitting antenna height is presented and path loss for different models such as COST-231 Hata model, SUI model, the ECC model, ITU-R(NLOS) model for different transmitting antenna height is computed. The obtained path losses are graphically plotted for the better conclusion using the MATLAB. The paper studies the path loss models of the wideband channels at 2.3GHz for WiMAX
Assessment of Metal Accumulation in the Vegetables and Associated Health Risk in the Upper-Most Ganga-Yamuna Doab Region, India  [PDF]
Vivek Kumar Gaurav, Dushyant Kumar, Chhaya Sharma
American Journal of Plant Sciences (AJPS) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2018.912170
Abstract: The present study indicates the status of metal contamination in the vegetables/crops grown in the upper most Ganga-Yamuna doab region of India and associated health risk. Commonly grown vegetables and crops were sampled and analyzed for the metal contamination. Maximum concentration (mg/kg) of Cd and Cr, was observed in Radish (7.6) and Cabbage (56.24) respectively, whereas maximum concentration of Pb, Ni and Zn was observed in the edible parts of Mustard plant (95.4, 58.6, 756.43 respectively). Bio-concentration factor (BCF) value indicated the transfer level of metal from soil to crop; indicated high transfer value of Cd in Radish followed by cabbage and spinach. Considerably high BCF value was observed in the Mustard (8.13), Cabbage (4.18) and radish (3.07) for Zn contamination. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and Hazard quotient (HQ) or Non-carcinogenic health risk was calculated using the USEPA method. The result revealed that the metal intake and associated health risk were considerably high in the children population in comparison to the adult population.
Ecofriendly Remediation of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastewater by Electrocoagulation and Its Application in Agriculture  [PDF]
Dushyant Kumar, Vivek Kumar Gaurav, Chhaya Sharma
American Journal of Plant Sciences (AJPS) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2018.912178
Abstract: In the present study pulp and paper industry effluent was treated with the help of aluminum electrode using electrocoagulation (EC) process with feasible sludge management. The influences of pH, time, current density and electrolytes dose were investigated and optimum conditions were established to reduce the maximum amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and color. At optimum conditions 70% of COD and 98% of color were removed. Additionally, the behavior of electrolytes (NaCl and Na2SO4) was determined; it has shown that Na2SO4 results in the generation of less secondary pollutants than that NaCl and thereby could be used as better replacement in paper industries for electrocoagulation mediated treatment of wastewater. The residual amount of operational parameters in EC treated water was compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India. It was found to be safe for utilization
Structural and Functional Profiling of the Human Histone Methyltransferase SMYD3
Kenneth W. Foreman, Mark Brown, Frances Park, Spencer Emtage, June Harriss, Chhaya Das, Li Zhu, Andy Crew, Lee Arnold, Salam Shaaban, Philip Tucker
PLOS ONE , 2011, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022290
Abstract: The SET and MYND Domain (SMYD) proteins comprise a unique family of multi-domain SET histone methyltransferases that are implicated in human cancer progression. Here we report an analysis of the crystal structure of the full length human SMYD3 in a complex with an analog of the S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) methyl donor cofactor. The structure revealed an overall compact architecture in which the “split-SET” domain adopts a canonical SET domain fold and closely assembles with a Zn-binding MYND domain and a C-terminal superhelical 9 α-helical bundle similar to that observed for the mouse SMYD1 structure. Together, these structurally interlocked domains impose a highly confined binding pocket for histone substrates, suggesting a regulated mechanism for its enzymatic activity. Our mutational and biochemical analyses confirm regulatory roles of the unique structural elements both inside and outside the core SET domain and establish a previously undetected preference for trimethylation of H4K20.
STUDIES ON NEPHROPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROCURATIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PICRORHIZA KURROA ROYLE AND AROGYAWARDHINI BATI IN RATS.
Chhaya H. Gadgoli*
International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology , 2010,
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate nephroprotective and nephrocurative activity of rhizome of Picrorhiza kurroa.Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extract of rhizome of P. kurroa was studied for nephroprotective and nephrocurative effect in female Wistar rats against Cisplatin (5mg/kg b.w.i.p.) induced nephrotoxicity,by estimating serum creatinine and blood urea levels. One of the Ayurvedic formulations viz.Arogyawardhini, containing P. kurroa as a major ingredient was also studied for the nephroprotective and nephrocurative effects against Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity. The formulation was standardized for thepresence of total polyphenols.Results: Treatments with the ethanolic extract of the rhizome in the dose of 600 mg/kg b.w.p.o.could significantly (P< 0.001) reduce the elevated serum levels of creatinine and blood urea.Conclusion: The formulation was found to have better activity as compared to the rhizome.
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